General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00544)
MIC Name	Enterococcus casseliflavus (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms	Streptococcus casseliflavus
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Lactobacillales Family: Enterococcaceae Genus: Enterococcus Species: Enterococcus casseliflavus
Oxygen Sensitivity	Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Host Relationship	Commensal
Genome Size (bp)	3427276
Description	Enterococcus casseliflavus is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive bacterium. It is associated with bacteremia.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	37734
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM19136v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0005448
Disease Relevance
Bacterial meningitis  [ICD-11: 1D01]
Description	Enterococcus casseliflavus can be inserted among the etiologic agents of meningitis.				[1]
Infectious endocarditis  [ICD-11: BB40]
Description	Enterococcus casseliflavus is one of the main causes of infective endocarditis worldwide.				[2]
Meningococcal disease  [ICD-11: 1C1C]
Description	Bacteremia was associated with Enterococcus casseliflavus infection.				[3]
Sepsis  [ICD-11: 1G41]
Description	Enterococcus casseliflavus is a rare vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) that can cause septicaemia.				[4]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
rs6265
HGF ID	HGF1909	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Non coding transcript variant (SNP-NCTV)
Description	The variant gene BDNF of innate immunity rs6265 is significantly associated with the abundance of gut micriobiota Enterococcus casseliflavus (p-value=0.005).				[5]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Immunoglobulin M
HIF ID	HIFM0266	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	The infection of Enterococcus casseliflavus could significantly increase the levels of serum IgM.				[6]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			606
gutMDisorder ID			gm0287

References
1	Enterococcal meningitis caused by Enterococcus casseliflavus. First case report. BMC Infect Dis. 2005 Jan 14;5(1):3. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-5-3.
2	Enterococcal endocarditis revisited. Future Microbiol. 2015;10(7):1215-40. doi: 10.2217/fmb.15.46. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
3	Enterococcus casseliflavus bacteremia. Case report and literature review. J Infect. 2004 Feb;48(2):206-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2003.08.001.
4	Enterococcus casseliflavus septicaemia associated with hepatobiliary infection in a 75-year-old man.BMJ Case Rep. 2017 May 12;2017:bcr2017219636. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219636.
5	Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition.Gut Microbes. 2020 May 3;11(3):556-568. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1619440. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
6	Host-derived probiotics Enterococcus casseliflavus improves resistance against Streptococcus iniae infection in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) via immunomodulation. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2016 May;52:198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.020. Epub 2016 Mar 17.

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