General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01133)
MIC Name	Ruminococcus bromii (firmicutes)
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Clostridia Order: Clostridiales Family: Ruminococcaceae Genus: Ruminococcus Species: Ruminococcus bromii
Oxygen Sensitivity	Obligate anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Host Relationship	Commensal
Genome Size (bp)	2249085
Description	Ruminococcus bromii is a species of anaerobic, Gram positive bacterium. It is a keystone species for the degradation of resistant starch in the human colon.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	40518
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM283422v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0004253
Disease Relevance
Crohn disease  [ICD-11: DD70]
Description	Ruminococcus bromii were more abundant in the healthy subjects than in the Crohns disease patients.				[1]
Irritable bowel syndrome  [ICD-11: DD91]
Description	Clostridium thermosuccinogens decreased in irritable bowel syndrome patients.				[2]
Parkinsonism  [ICD-11: 8A00]
Description	Ruminococcus bromii was associated with parkinsons disease.				[3]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
rs731055
HGF ID	HGF2147	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
Description	The rs731055 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Ruminococcus bromii (p-value<1.00E-08).				[4]
rs1800629
HGF ID	HGF1265	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Upstream variant (SNP-UV)
Description	The variant gene TNF of innate immunity rs1800629 is significantly associated with the abundance of gut micriobiota Ruminococcus bromii (p-value=0.0274).				[5]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Interferon-15
HIF ID	HIFM0133	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	Ruminococcus bromii induce a significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-15.				[6]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			76
gutMDisorder ID			gm0588

References
1	Dysbiosis of fecal microbiota in Crohn's disease patients as revealed by a custom phylogenetic microarray. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010 Dec;16(12):2034-42. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21319.
2	The gut microbiota and irritable bowel syndrome: friend or foe. Int J Inflam. 2012;2012:151085. doi: 10.1155/2012/151085. Epub 2012 Apr 22.
3	Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017 Apr;162(6):734-737. doi: 10.1007/s10517-017-3700-7. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
4	Host genetic variation and its microbiome interactions within the Human Microbiome Project.Genome Med. 2018 Jan 29;10(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13073-018-0515-8.
5	Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition.Gut Microbes. 2020 May 3;11(3):556-568. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1619440. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
6	Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 on symptoms, gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and immune activation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot randomized clinical trial. United European Gastroenterol J. 2018 May;6(4):604-613. doi: 10.1177/2050640617736478. Epub 2017 Oct 8.

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