General Information of HIF (ID: HIFP0011)
HIF Name	Interferon signaling pathway
HIF Synonym(s)	IFN, IFN signaling pathway
HIF Classification	Signaling pathway (SP)
Description	Another signaling cascade regulated by IFNs is the MAPK (Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase) pathway [16]. IFN-activated JAKs regulate the phosphorylation of Vav or other GEFs (Guanine-Nucleotide-Exchange Factors), resulting in the downstream activation of Rac1 that can regulate the signaling pathway of the p38MAPK.				[1]

Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
Lactobacillus casei (firmicutes)			MIC00707
Description	A reduction in the expression of the interferon receptor 1 (IFNar1) in mice fed-Lactobacillus casei CRF28 and BL23 was observed. Additionally, a reduction in the expression of Interferon receptor 2 (IFNar2) was observed in mice fed-Lactobacillus casei UW1 and M36.				[2]
Lactobacillus ruminis (firmicutes)			MIC01412
Description	Lactobacillus ruminis could regulate in IFN signaling pathway.				[3]
Rickettsia prowazekii (alpha-proteobacteria)			MIC01108
Description	At the species level, Rickettsia prowazekii is associated with IFN signaling.				[4]
Weissella paramesenteroides (firmicutes)			MIC01386
Description	Weissella paramesenteroides is associated with IFN signaling.				[5]

References
1	PDL1 Signals through Conserved Sequence Motifs to Overcome Interferon-Mediated Cytotoxicity.Cell Rep. 2017 Aug 22;20(8):1818-1829. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.07.075.
2	The Impact of Lactobacillus casei on the Composition of the Cecal Microbiota and Innate Immune System Is Strain Specific. PLoS One. 2016 May 31;11(5):e0156374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156374. eCollection 2016.
3	Antiviral effects of Lactobacillus ruminis SPM0211 and Bifidobacterium longum SPM1205 and SPM1206 on rotavirus-infected Caco-2 cells and a neonatal mouse model. J Microbiol. 2015 Nov;53(11):796-803. doi: 10.1007/s12275-015-5302-2. Epub 2015 Oct 28.
4	A murine model of infection with Rickettsia prowazekii: implications for pathogenesis of epidemic typhus. Microbes Infect. 2007 Jun;9(7):898-906. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2007.03.008. Epub 2007 Mar 21.
5	Weissella paramesenteroides WpK4 reduces gene expression of intestinal cytokines, and hepatic and splenic injuries in a murine model of typhoid fever. Benef Microbes. 2016 Feb;7(1):61-73. doi: 10.3920/BM2015.0093. Epub 2015 Nov 13.

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