General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00033)
MIC Name	Actinomyces naeslundii (actinobacteria)
Body Site	Oral Cavity
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Actinobacteria Class: Actinobacteria Order: Actinomycetales Family: Actinomycetaceae Genus: Actinomyces Species: Actinomyces naeslundii
Oxygen Sensitivity	Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Host Relationship	Opportunistic pathogen
Genome Size (bp)	3114341
Description	Actinomyces naeslundii is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium found in the mouth of humans. The species has been implicated in periodontal disease, as well as various tooth cavities. It is one of the first bacteria to occupy the oral cavity and colonize the tooth's surface. It has also been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	1655
	Genome Assembly ID	AneasH279v1.0
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0004264
Disease Relevance
Female pelvic inflammatory disease  [ICD-11: GA05]
Description	Pelvic inflammatory disease was associated with Actinomyces naeslundii.				[1]
Periodontal disease  [ICD-11: DA0C]
Description	Oral Actinomyces naeslundii inoculation aggravated periodontal disease.				[2]
Vaginitis  [ICD-11: GA02]
Description	Actinomyces naeslundii was associated with bacterial vaginosis.				[3]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Human beta-defensin 1
HIF ID	HIFM0090	HIF Info	Class	Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
Description	Actinomyces naeslundii is susceptibility to human beta defensin 1.				[4]
Immunoglobulin G
HIF ID	HIFM0270	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgG immune responses is associated with Actinomyces naeslundii.				[5]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			757
gutMDisorder ID			gm0018

References
1	Actinomyces species associated with intrauterine contraceptive devices and pelvic inflammatory disease. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 1993 Jul;36(3):238-44.
2	Impact of Actinomyces naeslundii on bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in ovariectomized rats with periodontitis. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2015 Oct;43(8):1662-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
3	[The influence of anaerobic bacteria and mycoplasma isolated from the genital tract on mast cell activation]. Med Dosw Mikrobiol. 2000;52(4):389-96.
4	Human beta-defensins 2 and 3 demonstrate strain-selective activity against oral microorganisms.J Clin Microbiol. 2004 Mar;42(3):1024-9. doi: 10.1128/jcm.42.3.1024-1029.2004.
5	Serum IgG antibody levels to periodontal microbiota are associated with incident Alzheimer disease.PLoS One. 2014 Dec 18;9(12):e114959. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114959. eCollection 2014.

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