General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01134)
MIC Name	Ruminococcus callidus (firmicutes)
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Clostridia Order: Clostridiales Family: Ruminococcaceae Genus: Ruminococcus Species: Ruminococcus callidus
Oxygen Sensitivity	Obligate anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Genome Size (bp)	3070687
Description	Ruminococcus callidus is a member of the division Firmicutes and Gram-positive. Ruminococcus callidus, isolated from the human gut, is able to degrade complex polysaccharides such as starch or xylan.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	40519
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM46801v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0000917
Disease Relevance
Crohn disease  [ICD-11: DD70]
Description	Ruminococcus callidus were more abundant in the healthy subjects than in the Crohns disease patients.				[1]
Parkinsonism  [ICD-11: 8A00]
Description	Ruminococcus callidus was associated with parkinsons disease.				[2]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
C4B
HGF ID	HGF2348	HGF Info	Class	Copy Number Variation: Gene Duplication (CNV-GDu)
Description	The low C4B-CN has been significantly associated with the high abundance of Ruminococcus (p-value<0.05).				[3]
rs2066842
HGF ID	HGF1456	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Missense variant (SNP-MV)
Description	The variant gene NOD2 of innate immunity rs2066842 is significantly associated with the abundance of gut micriobiota Ruminococcus callidus (p-value<0.0001).				[4]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Interferon-15
HIF ID	HIFM0133	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	Ruminococcus callidus induce a significant reduction in the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-15.				[5]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			75
gutMDisorder ID			gm0589

References
1	Dysbiosis of fecal microbiota in Crohn's disease patients as revealed by a custom phylogenetic microarray. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2010 Dec;16(12):2034-42. doi: 10.1002/ibd.21319.
2	Analysis of Gut Microbiota in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Bull Exp Biol Med. 2017 Apr;162(6):734-737. doi: 10.1007/s10517-017-3700-7. Epub 2017 Apr 20.
3	C4B gene influences intestinal microbiota through complement activation in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease.Clin Exp Immunol. 2017 Dec;190(3):394-405. doi: 10.1111/cei.13040. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
4	Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition.Gut Microbes. 2020 May 3;11(3):556-568. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1619440. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
5	Effect of Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-1572 on symptoms, gut microbiota, short chain fatty acids, and immune activation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A pilot randomized clinical trial. United European Gastroenterol J. 2018 May;6(4):604-613. doi: 10.1177/2050640617736478. Epub 2017 Oct 8.

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