General Information of HIF (ID: HIFC0124)
HIF Name	M2 macrophages
HIF Synonym(s)	M2 macrophages
HIF Classification	Macrophages (Mac)
Description	M2 macrophages play important roles during the injury and repair phases in kidney.				[1]

Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
Bacteroides fragilis (CFB bacteria)			MIC00158
Description	Gavage with Bacteroides fragilis mitigated the increase in the M1/M2macrophages ratio as a result of MTX administration in both MLNs and spleen.				[2]
Candida albicans (budding yeasts)			MIC00317
Description	The Candida albicans may kill or inactivate to inhibit the M2 formation and block macrophage antimicrobial activity.				[3]
Desulfovibrio vulgaris (delta-proteobacteria)			MIC00502
Description	The ratio of M1/M2 colonic macrophage was greatly increased by the Desulfovibrio vulgaris.				[4]

References
1	M2a and M2b macrophages predominate in kidney tissues and M2 subpopulations were associated with the severity of disease of IgAN patients.Clin Immunol. 2019 Aug;205:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 9.
2	Induction and Amelioration of Methotrexate-Induced Gastrointestinal Toxicity are Related to Immune Response and Gut Microbiota.EBioMedicine. 2018 Jul;33:122-133. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.06.029. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
3	Oral Microbiota and Immune System Crosstalk: A Translational Research.Biology (Basel). 2020 Jun 16;9(6):131. doi: 10.3390/biology9060131.
4	Glabridin Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through Gut Microbiota Modulation and Colonic Macrophage Polarization in Mice.Front Pharmacol. 2019 Feb 15;10:107. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00107. eCollection 2019.

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