Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00317)
MIC Name Candida albicans (budding yeasts)
MIC Synonyms Saccharomyces albicans
Body Site Vagina
Lineage Kingdom: Eukaryota
Phylum: Ascomycota
Class: Saccharomycetes
Order: Saccharomycetales
Family: Debaryomycetaceae
Genus: Candida
Species: Candida albicans
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Fermentative; Utilize ethanol
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Opportunistic pathogen; Commensal
Description Candida albicans is a facultative anaerobic fungi. It is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast that is a common member of the human gut flora. It can also survive outside the human body. It is usually a commensal organism, but it can become pathogenic in immunocompromised individuals under a variety of conditions.
External Links Taxonomy ID
5476
Genome Assembly ID
ASM345473v1
GOLD Organism ID
Go0003119
Disease Relevance
          Candidosis  [ICD-11: 1F23]
             Description Candida albicans was the major cause of candidiasis. [1]
          Ulcerative colitis  [ICD-11: DD71]
             Description Candida albicans is upregulated in Candida albicans. [2]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          hsa-miR-210-5p
             HGF ID HGF0660 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-210 was significantly up-regulated by Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [3]
          hsa-miR-125a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0279 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description In heat-killed Candida albicans-infected macrophage, miR-125-5p was up-regulated by LPS induction. [4]
          hsa-miR-129-5p
             HGF ID HGF0272 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of hsa-miR-129-5p was significantly up-regulated in response to Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [3]
          hsa-miR-132-3p
             HGF ID HGF0267 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of hsa-miR-132-3p was significantly up-regulated in response to Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [3]
          hsa-miR-146a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0252 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description In heat-killed Candida albicans-infected macrophage, miR-146a-5p was up-regulated by LPS induction. [4]
          hsa-miR-155-5p
             HGF ID HGF0243 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-155-5p was significantly up-regulated, when macrophages were challenged with heat-killed Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [3]
          hsa-miR-212-3p
             HGF ID HGF0201 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of hsa-miR-212-3p was significantly up-regulated in response to Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [3]
          hsa-miR-30a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0168 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of hsa-miR-30a-5p was significantly up-regulated by Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [5]
          hsa-miR-455-5p
             HGF ID HGF0126 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description In heat-killed Candida albicans-infected macrophage, miR-455 was differentially expressed (p-value<0.05). [4]
          rs7036187
             HGF ID HGF1491 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Intron variant (SNP-IV)
             Description The rs7036187 polymorphism, a SNP associated to susceptibility to Candida albicans infection (p-value<0.05). [6]
          rs11141242
             HGF ID HGF1955 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
             Description The rs11141242 SNP was associated with the abundance of Candida albicans (p-value<0.05). [6]
          rs11141235
             HGF ID HGF1751 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Upstream variant (SNP-UV)
             Description The rs11141235 SNP was associated with Candida-induced IL-6 levels, showed a clear replication of association (p-value=0.017). [6]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          C-X-C motif chemokine 14
             HIF ID HIFM0077 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description A concentration of 1M CXCL14 induced >99% killing of Streptococcus mitis. [7]
          Defensin beta 120
             HIF ID HIFM0084 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The DEFB120 peptide possessed potent killing with LD90 of 6080 g/ml against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, although higher concentrations were required with LD90 of 80100 g/ml against Staphylococcus aureus. [8]
          Human beta-defensin 1
             HIF ID HIFM0090 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The -defensin 1 was associated with the abundance of Candida albicans. [9]
          Human beta defensin 2
             HIF ID HIFM0092 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description HBD-2 has 21.4% effective for against Candida albicans. [10]
          Eosinophil cationic protein
             HIF ID HIFM0094 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The RNase 3H15A has max membrane depolarization 67.271.13 on Candida albicans(p<0.05). [11]
          Human Histatin 1
             HIF ID HIFM0112 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Histatin 1 kill activity against Candida albicans by LD50s of 5.8 nmol/ml. [12]
          Human Histatin 3
             HIF ID HIFM0113 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Histatin 3 kill activity against Candida albicans by LD50s of 4.6 nmol/ml. [12]
          Non-secretory ribonuclease
             HIF ID HIFM0200 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description RNase 2 had significant antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans(p<0.0001). [13]
          Ribonuclease 8
             HIF ID HIFM0202 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description RNase 8 had antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans. [13]
          Human calcitermin
             HIF ID HIFM0206 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The concentration of Calcitermin(50ug/ml) was active against Candida albicans. [14]
          Cateslytin
             HIF ID HIFM0283 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Cateslytin could be against Candida albicans. [15]
          GHH20
             HIF ID HIFM0287 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description GHH20 was antifungal against Candida albicans particularly at low pH. [16]
          hGAPDH(2-32)
             HIF ID HIFM0293 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The infection of Experimental Candida albicans could induce the expression of epithelial hGAPDH (2-32). [17]
          Human MUC7 20-Mer
             HIF ID HIFM0304 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Human MUC7 20-Mer could kill the enzymatic activity of Candida albicans. [18]
          Psoriasin
             HIF ID HIFM0321 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Psoriasin contributes to the immune response against Candida albicans. [19]
          Human drosomycin-like defensin
             HIF ID HIFM0298 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Neither Human drosomycin-like defensin nor drosomycin was active against the yeasts Candida albicans. [20]
          CEA cell adhesion molecule 1
             HIF ID HIFM0057 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The expression of human CEACAM1 does not influence the intestinal colonization by Candida albicans in human CEACAM1-transgenic mice(p=0.912). [21]
          Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 4
             HIF ID HIFM0227 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The abundance of Candida albicans is associated with OX40L. [22]
          C-C motif chemokine 20
             HIF ID HIFM0023 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description CCL20 has a property conferring a direct antimicrobial enzymatic activity against Candida albicans. [23]
          C-X-C motif chemokine 10
             HIF ID HIFM0074 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Flagellin-induced expression of CXCL10 mediates direct fungal killing and recruitment of NK cells to the cornea in response to Candida albicans infection. [24]
          Interleukin-17A
             HIF ID HIFM0134 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Candidalysin production by Candida albicans hyphae is the triggering factor for innate IL-17 production in the murine model of OPC. [25]
          Immunoglobulin alpha Fc receptor
             HIF ID HIFM0097 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Enhanced in vitro uptake of Candida albicans by neutrophils after targeting of FcRI(CD89) has been demonstrated. [26]
          Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
             HIF ID HIFC0017 HIF Info       Class Granulocytes (Gra)
             Description Polymorphonuclear leukocytes mediated the protection against a lethal Candida albicans/Staphylococcus aureus polymicrobial intra-abdominal infection. [27]
          Immunoglobulin G
             HIF ID HIFM0270 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description IgG is raised and protected from the intravaginal challenge with Candida albicans. [28]
          Immunoglobulin A
             HIF ID HIFM0272 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description IgA is raised and protected from the intravaginal challenge with Candida albicans. [28]
          Immunoglobulin A1
             HIF ID HIFM0275 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description The dimeric IgA1 has regulatory affinity which could strongly bind cells of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans and to restrain its adhesion to human epithelial cells. [29]
          Immunoglobulin A2
             HIF ID HIFM0276 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description IgA2 level is significantly associated with the numbers of Candida organisms isolated from saliva. [30]
          M1 macrophages
             HIF ID HIFC0019 HIF Info       Class Macrophages (Mac)
             Description The Candida albicans may kill or inactivate to inhibit the M1 macrophages formation and block macrophage antimicrobial activity. [31]
          M2 macrophages
             HIF ID HIFC0124 HIF Info       Class Macrophages (Mac)
             Description The Candida albicans may kill or inactivate to inhibit the M2 formation and block macrophage antimicrobial activity. [31]
          Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway
             HIF ID HIFP0023 HIF Info       Class Signaling pathway (SP)
             Description Candida albicans yeast cells are recognized by oral epithelial cells (in the TR146 cell line) and induce three signalling pathways within 15 min; the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (Pi3K), and all three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways (p38, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase)). [25]
          Nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway
             HIF ID HIFP0028 HIF Info       Class Signaling pathway (SP)
             Description Candida albicans yeast cells are recognized by oral epithelial cells (in the TR146 cell line) and induce three signalling pathways within 15 min; the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (Pi3K), and all three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways (p38, JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) and ERK1/2 (extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase)). [25]
          T helper type 17 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0080 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Th17 cells can work with epithelial cells to clear the Candida albicans infection. [25]
          CD4+ regulatory T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0034 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description The gut CD4+ T cells were enriched in reactivity toward intestinal bacteria and Candida albicans(p<0.001). [32]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      909
             aBiofilm Organism
      Candida albicans
References
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