General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00941)
MIC Name	Paenibacillus larvae (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms	Bacillus larvae
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Bacilli Order: Bacillales Family: Paenibacillaceae Genus: Paenibacillus Species: Paenibacillus larvae
Oxygen Sensitivity	Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Genome Size (bp)	4056006
Description	Paenibacillus larvae is a facultative anaerobic, Gram positive, spore-forming bacterium that is the causative agent of American foulbrood, the most devastating bacterial disease of the honeybee. It is antibiotic resistant.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	1464
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM51111v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0476060
Disease Relevance
Type 2 diabetes mellitus  [ICD-11: 5A11]
Description	Paenibacillus larvae was associated with type 2 diabetes.				[1]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Interleukin-1 beta
HIF ID	HIFM0138	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	Paenibacillus is associated with IL-1beta expression.				[2]
Tumor necrosis factor
HIF ID	HIFM0226	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	The abundance of Paenibacillus is associated with TNF-Alpha.				[2]
Interleukin-1
HIF ID	HIFM0263	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	The abundance of Paenibacillus is associated with IL-1.				[2]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			670
gutMDisorder ID			gm0490

References
1	Global metabolic interaction network of the human gut microbiota for context-specific community-scale analysis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 6;8:15393. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15393.
2	Immunomodulatory activity of exopolysaccharide from the rhizobacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa CCM 1465. Arch Microbiol. 2018 Dec;200(10):1471-1480. doi: 10.1007/s00203-018-1564-5. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

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