Details of Host Immune Factor (HIF) Regulating Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0226)
HIF Name
Tumor necrosis factor
HIF Synonym(s)
tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily,member 2), tnfa
HIF Classification
Cytokine (Cyt)
Molecular Function
Cytokine
Description TNF- is a cytokine that is produced by macrophages, monocytes, endothelial cells, neutrophils, smooth muscle cells, activated lymphocytes, astrocytes, and adipocytes. TNF- has a variety of functions, such as mediating expression of genes for growth factors, cytokines, transcription factors, and receptors. [1]
Pfam TNF(Tumour Necrosis Factor) family (PF00229 )
Pathway AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications (hsa04933 )
Adipocytokine signaling pathway (hsa04920 )
African trypanosomiasis (hsa05143 )
Allograft rejection (hsa05330 )
Alzheimer disease (hsa05010 )
Amoebiasis (hsa05146 )
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (hsa05014 )
Antifolate resistance (hsa01523 )
Antigen processing and presentation (hsa04612 )
Apoptosis (hsa04210 )
Asthma (hsa05310 )
C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway (hsa04625 )
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) (hsa05142 )
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (hsa04060 )
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (hsa05414 )
Epstein-Barr virus infection (hsa05169 )
Fc epsilon RI signaling pathway (hsa04664 )
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis (hsa05418 )
Graft-versus-host disease (hsa05332 )
Hematopoietic cell lineage (hsa04640 )
Hepatitis B (hsa05161 )
Hepatitis C (hsa05160 )
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection (hsa05168 )
Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection (hsa05166 )
Human cytomegalovirus infection (hsa05163 )
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection (hsa05170 )
Human papillomavirus infection (hsa05165 )
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (hsa05410 )
IL-17 signaling pathway (hsa04657 )
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (hsa05321 )
Influenza A (hsa05164 )
Insulin resistance (hsa04931 )
Legionellosis (hsa05134 )
Leishmaniasis (hsa05140 )
MAPK signaling pathway (hsa04010 )
Malaria (hsa05144 )
NF-kappa B signaling pathway (hsa04064 )
NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04621 )
Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity (hsa04650 )
Necroptosis (hsa04217 )
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (hsa04932 )
Osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380 )
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection (hsa05130 )
Pertussis (hsa05133 )
Proteoglycans in cancer (hsa05205 )
RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04622 )
Rheumatoid arthritis (hsa05323 )
Salmonella infection (hsa05132 )
Shigellosis (hsa05131 )
Sphingolipid signaling pathway (hsa04071 )
Systemic lupus erythematosus (hsa05322 )
T cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04660 )
TGF-beta signaling pathway (hsa04350 )
TNF signaling pathway (hsa04668 )
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04620 )
Toxoplasmosis (hsa05145 )
Tuberculosis (hsa05152 )
Type I diabetes mellitus (hsa04940 )
Type II diabetes mellitus (hsa04930 )
Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor (hsa04061 )
Yersinia infection (hsa05135 )
mTOR signaling pathway (hsa04150 )
Sequence Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
Uniprot ID
TNFA_HUMAN
Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
         Acidobacteria (bacteria) MIC00011
             Description Acidobacteria was associated with TNF-Gamma. [2]
         Actinobacteria (actinobacteria) MIC00025
             Description At the phylum level, Actinobacteria is associated with TNF-Alpha. [3]
         Aeromonas hydrophila (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00046
             Description The transcriptional levels of TLR2 (Toll like receptor 2), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor protein (TIRAP), interleukin-1Beta (IL-1Beta) and tumor necrosis factor-Alpha1 (TNF-Alpha1) in spleen and kidney significantly increased post the Aeromonas hydrophila challenge compared to the pre challenge. [4]
         Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00052
             Description Aggregatibacter is associated with the level of TNF-Alpha. [5]
         Akkermansia muciniphila (verrucomicrobia) MIC00056
             Description Akkermansia muciniphila could decrease TNF-Alpha. [6]
         Alistipes finegoldii (CFB bacteria) MIC00064
             Description Alistipes abundance was negatively correlated with TNF-alpha. [7]
         Bacillus licheniformis (firmicutes) MIC00132
             Description Bacillus licheniformis is associated with the tumour necrosis factor-alpha. [8]
         Bacillus subtilis (firmicutes) MIC00136
             Description Bacillus subtilis is associated with the tumour necrosis factor-alpha. [8]
         Bacteroides sp. (CFB bacteria) MIC00176
             Description The abundance of Bacteroidaceae was associated with the level of TNF-Alpha. [9]
         Bifidobacterium bifidum (actinobacteria) MIC00209
             Description Bifidobacterium bifidum WBIN03 could downregulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., TNF-Alpha) and upregulate antioxidant factors (e.g., SOD1, SOD2, GPX2) at the transcriptional level. [10]
         Bifidobacterium longum (actinobacteria) MIC00232
             Description Bifidobacterium longum is the highest inducer of IL-10 and the lowest TNF-Alpha stimulus. [11]
         Bifidobacterium pseudolongum (actinobacteria) MIC00220
             Description Stimulation of DC and macrophage lines with Bifidobacterium pseudolongum induced lesser amounts of the proinflammatory cytokines TNFAlpha and IL-6. [12]
         Borrelia recurrentis (spirochaetes) MIC00255
             Description The abundance of Borrelia recurrentis is associated with TNF. [13]
         Borrelia turicatae (spirochaetes) MIC00256
             Description Borrelia turicatae elicits from peripheral blood cells key inflammatory response mediators (interleukin-1Beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha), which are associated with preterm abortion. [14]
         Brucella suis (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00275
             Description This impairment of Brucella suis multiplication is due to both soluble factors released from activated gammadeltaT-cells (including TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma) and to a contact-dependent cytotoxicity directed against the infected cells. [15]
         Burkholderia cenocepacia (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00280
             Description Burkholderia cenocepacia could increase the expression of TNF-Alpha. [16]
         Burkholderia pseudomallei (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00287
             Description Increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha was confined primarily to the area with the pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei within pyogranulomatous lesions. [17]
         Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum (firmicutes) MIC00293
             Description Butyricicoccus pullicaecorum could decrease the level of tumour necrosis factor Alpha(TNFAlpha). [18]
         Campylobacter coli (epsilon-proteobacteria) MIC00301
             Description At the genus level, Campylobacter is associated with TNF. [19]
         Campylobacter jejuni (epsilon-proteobacteria) MIC00307
             Description Campylobacter jejuni infection with either strain resulted in elevated colonic IL-6, TNF and IFN-Gamma secretion. [20]
         Chlamydia pneumoniae (chlamydias) MIC00350
             Description Chlamydophila pneumoniae could increase the level of TNF-Alpha. [21]
         Chlorobi (chlorobi) MIC00351
             Description Chlorobi was associated with TNF-Gamma. [2]
         Clostridioides difficile (firmicutes) MIC00396
             Description The surface layer proteins(SLPs) among Clostridium difficile could induce the production of the proinflammatory TNF-alpha. [22]
         Clostridium sp. (firmicutes) MIC00418
             Description Clostridium was associated with TNF-alpha. [23]
         Cronobacter sakazakii (enterobacteria) MIC00469
             Description #N/A [24]
         Cyanobacteria (cyanobacteria) MIC00475
             Description At the phylum level, Cyanobacteria is associated with tnF-Alpha. [25]
         Desulfovibrio sp. (delta-proteobacteria) MIC00493
             Description Desulfovibrio was associated with the level of TNF-alpha. [26]
         Enterococcus durans (firmicutes) MIC00547
             Description The effect of Enterococcus durans EP1 administration on ileum gene expression: a decrease in mRNA amounts of the proinflammatory molecules IL6, IL1b, IL12p70, and tnf-alpha after 7 days. [27]
         Eubacterium limosum (firmicutes) MIC00576
             Description The abundance of Eubacterium limosum is associated with TNF-Alpha. [28]
         Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (firmicutes) MIC00590
             Description At the species level, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is associated with TNF-Alpha. [29]
         Filifactor alocis (firmicutes) MIC00595
             Description Filifactor alocis could elicite a local inflammatory response along with an increase in levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). [30]
         Glaesserella parasuis (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00654
             Description Challenged with highly virulent Haemophilus parasuis showed an increase proportion of CD163+ monocytes, which are able to produce high amounts of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-, IL-1 and IL-6. [31]
         Helicobacter acinonychis (epsilon-proteobacteria) MIC00662
             Description Helicobacter acinonychis was associated with TNF-Alpha. [32]
         Klebsiella aerogenes (enterobacteria) MIC00530
             Description The abundance of Enterobacter aerogenes is associated with TNF. [33]
         Lachnospiraceae (firmicutes) MIC00695
             Description Lachnospiraceae was associated with TNF-alpha. [34]
         Lactobacillus acidophilus (firmicutes) MIC00702
             Description The expression of TNF-Alpha in intestinal epithelial cells during Salmonella Typhimurium challenge was decreased by Lactobacillus acidophilus alone or combined with immune active longchain inulin. [35]
         Lactobacillus casei (firmicutes) MIC00707
             Description The cytokines TNF-Alpha expression was associated with the abundance of Lactobacillus casei. [36]
         Lactobacillus crispatus (firmicutes) MIC00710
             Description Lactobacillus crispatus and its supernatant reduced IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-Alpha production in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected HeLa and J774 cells. [37]
         Lactobacillus farciminis (firmicutes) MIC00713
             Description The abundance of Lactobacillus farciminis is associated with TNF-Alpha. [38]
         Lactobacillus gasseri (firmicutes) MIC00716
             Description Lactobacillus gasseri could decrease the production of TNF-Alpha. [39]
         Lactobacillus helveticus (firmicutes) MIC01410
             Description Nevertheless, all three strains Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291, Lactobacillus helveticus OFS 1515 andLactobacillus fermentum DR9 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma and IL-1Beta as well as IL-4, the Thelper (Th) 2 cell promoter in the gut. [40]
         Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens (firmicutes) MIC00723
             Description the abundance of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens may be associated with TNFAlpha. [41]
         Lactobacillus paracasei (firmicutes) MIC00726
             Description Nevertheless, all three strains Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291, Lactobacillus helveticus OFS 1515 andLactobacillus fermentum DR9 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma and IL-1Beta as well as IL-4, the Thelper (Th) 2 cell promoter in the gut. [40]
         Lactobacillus plantarum (firmicutes) MIC00730
             Description Lactobacillus plantarum could upregulate the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-Alpha. [42]
         Lactobacillus reuteri (firmicutes) MIC00731
             Description Lactobacillus reuteri treatment also decreased the serum levels of the inflammatory cytokines KC, TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma, and IL-6 in the DSS colitis mice. [43]
         Lactobacillus salivarius (firmicutes) MIC00735
             Description Lactobacillus salivarius AR809 diminished proinflammatory activity by enhancing the production of IL10 and inhibiting the expression of tumor necrosis factor-Alpha, IL1B, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and RELA. [44]
         Leptospira borgpetersenii (spirochaetes) MIC00758
             Description The abundance of Leptospira borgpetersenii is associated with TNF-Alpha. [45]
         Listeria monocytogenes (firmicutes) MIC00771
             Description Lack of HDAC6 also decreased the relative mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFalpha, IL-1beta and IL12p40, indicating impaired cytokine activation after Listeria monocytogenes infection. [46]
         Methylorubrum extorquens (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00814
             Description Methylobacterium was associated with TNF-Alpha. [47]
         Mucispirillum sp. (bacteria) MIC00841
             Description Mucispirillum is associated with the level of TNFAlpha. [48]
         Mycobacterium ulcerans (actinobacteria) MIC00852
             Description Mycobacterium marinum could induce increased production of TNF-Alpha expression. [49]
         Mycobacterium sp. (actinobacteria) MIC00855
             Description ML1899 conserved in all mycobacterium up-regulated TNF-alpha. [50]
         Mycobacteroides abscessus (actinobacteria) MIC00845
             Description Mycobacterium abscessus could induce TNF-Alpha production through TLR2 and myeloid differentiation 88 signaling pathways. [51]
         Mycoplasma genitalium (mycoplasmas) MIC00870
             Description Mollicutes is associated with the level of TNF-Alpha. [52]
         Mycoplasma hominis (mycoplasmas) MIC00871
             Description Mycoplasma hominis could stimulate the production of TNF-Alpha. [53]
         Mycoplasma pneumoniae (mycoplasmas) MIC00875
             Description Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection triggers secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), IL-6, and, importantly, IL-1Beta. [54]
         Paenibacillus larvae (firmicutes) MIC00941
             Description The abundance of Paenibacillus is associated with TNF-Alpha. [55]
         Paeniclostridium sordellii (firmicutes) MIC00417
             Description Isolated human monocytes produced the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFalpha and the immunoregulator IL-10 in response to Clostridium sordellii. [56]
         Parasutterella excrementihominis (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00963
             Description Parasutterella was associated with the level of TNF-alpha. [26]
         Pasteurella multocida (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00967
             Description Pasteurella multocida LPS could induce the expression and the subsequent release of proinflammatory and immunomodulatory cytokines such as IL-1a, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-12 from a mix of murine splenocytes. [57]
         Phenylobacterium (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00985
             Description Phenylobacterium elimination could upregulate TNF-Alpha levels. [58]
         Plesiomonas shigelloides (enterobacteria) MIC00994
             Description Plesiomonas shigelloides could induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-Aloha, IL-1Beta, and IL-6). [59]
         Porphyromonas endodontalis (CFB bacteria) MIC00999
             Description Porphyromonas endodontalis total lipids were shown to promote TNF-Alpha secretion from RAW 264.7 cells. [60]
         Propionibacterium sp. (actinobacteria) MIC01030
             Description PJS(Propionibacterium freudenreicbii spp.sbermanii Js) could lowered intestinal immunoreactivity of TNF-alpha. [61]
         Pseudomonas sp. (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC01053
             Description Gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-1 was consistently and significantly induced by Pseudomonas plecoglossicida infection. [62]
         Rhizobium (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC01083
             Description The abundance of Rhizobium is associated with TNF-Alpha. [63]
         Rhodococcus hoagii (actinobacteria) MIC01092
             Description The abundance of Rhodococcus equi is associated with TNF-Alpha. [64]
         Rickettsia prowazekii (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC01108
             Description When BALB/c mice (n = 6 per experimental condition) were infected with 105 live Rickettsia prowazekii organisms, TNF and RANTES transcripts were significantly ( p < 0.05) increased in liver , lungs, and brain, at day 3 and decreased at day 6. [65]
         Rickettsia rickettsii (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC01109
             Description Significantly higher levels of IFN-gamma or TNF-alpha secreted by CD4+ T cells from Rickettsia rickettsii-infected mice were detected after immunization with GWP. [66]
         Roseburia faecis (firmicutes) MIC01116
             Description The mRNA expression levels of IL-1Beta, IL-10, IFN-Gamma, and TNF-Alpha negatively correlated (p < 0.05) with the abundance of OTU related to Roseburia faecis. [67]
         Rothia dentocariosa (actinobacteria) MIC01124
             Description Rothia dentocariosa could induce TNF-alpha production in a TLR2-dependent manner. [68]
         Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeasts) MIC01145
             Description At the species level, Saccharomyces cerevisiae did not decrease significantly the mRNA expressions of TNF-, IL-1, IL-5 and CXCL12 which were up-regulated by ETEC. [69]
         Shigella sonnei (enterobacteria) MIC01183
             Description Shigella sonnei could reduce TNF-Alpha. [70]
         Spirochaetes (bacteria) MIC01204
             Description oral Spirochaetes could active TNF-Alpha production through TLR2MyD88 in macrophages. [71]
         Staphylococcus chromogenes (firmicutes) MIC01212
             Description At the species level, Staphylococcus chromogenes is associated with TNF-Alpha. [72]
         Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC01231
             Description Vaccination with rOmpA significantly reduced the levels of TNF-Alpha and IL-6 in BALF at 24 hours after respiratory Stenotrophomonas maltophilia challenge in mice. [73]
         Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC01232
             Description Stenotrophomonas maltophilia transiently colonizes the lung accompanied by significant weight loss and immune cell infiltration and the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Alpha). [74]
         Streptococcus cristatus (firmicutes) MIC01246
             Description The RT-PCR confirmed the messenger RNA attenuation of IL-1Alpha, tumor necrosis factor-Alpha and IL-6 by Streptococcus cristatus. [75]
         Streptococcus gallolyticus (firmicutes) MIC01251
             Description Streptococcus gallolyticus could increase TNF-Alpha. [76]
         Streptococcus gordonii (firmicutes) MIC01252
             Description TNF could prime BM-DCs to better respond to Streptococcus gordonii, through a mechanism at least partially involving TLR-2 upregulation. [77]
         Streptococcus intermedius (firmicutes) MIC01255
             Description Streptococcus intermedius could stimulate and induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-Alpha). [78]
         Streptococcus mitis (firmicutes) MIC01257
             Description In the PAO1 + Streptococcus mitis group, moderate inflammation, reduced IL-6 and TNF- protein levels, and decreased total cell counts were observed(p<0.05). [79]
         Streptococcus pyogenes (firmicutes) MIC01267
             Description Streptococcus pyogenes-induced production of inflammatory cytokines, including TNF and IL-6, by murine bone marrow-derived macrophages and conventional dendritic cells is entirely dependent on the signaling adaptor MyD88. [80]
         Streptococcus salivarius (firmicutes) MIC01268
             Description On HT-29 human IECs, the four live Streptococcus salivarius strains significantly could inhibited TNF-Alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation (ranging from 50% to 80%), while heat-killed bacteria did not. [81]
         Streptococcus sp. (firmicutes) MIC01276
             Description The different streptococci could induce varying levels of the cytokines TNF-Alpha. [82]
         Streptococcus uberis (firmicutes) MIC01274
             Description The gene of TNF could regulate (44.9 fold) after IMI challenge with Streptococcus uberis. [83]
         Subdoligranulum variabile (firmicutes) MIC01286
             Description The abundance of Subdoligranulum variabile is associated with TNF-Alpha. [84]
         Synergistetes (bacteria) MIC01297
             Description Synergistetes is evidently a minority phylum in human feces with an abundance of 0.01% and its negative correlation (p=0.658, p=0.011) to TNF-a may indicate an important anti-inflammatory factor in healthy population. [85]
         Tannerella forsythia (CFB bacteria) MIC01305
             Description The presence of alpha tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Alpha) can be generated by Tannerella forsythia. [86]
         Treponema denticola (spirochetes) MIC01322
             Description Treponema denticola could stimulate the production of TNF-Alpha. [87]
         Treponema socranskii (spirochaetes) MIC01326
             Description The abundance of Treponema socranskii is associated with TNF-Alpha. [88]
         Trueperella pyogenes (actinobacteria) MIC01335
             Description Trueperella pyogenes is associated with TNF-Alpha. [89]
         Veillonella atypica (firmicutes) MIC01363
             Description Veillonellaceae abundance was associated with higher TNF-Alpha mRNA expression and serum insulin concentration. [90]
         Veillonella parvula (firmicutes) MIC01365
             Description Veillonella parvula lipopolysaccharide stimulated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-Alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) release in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in a dose-dependent manner. [91]
         Yersinia enterocolitica (enterobacteria) MIC01398
             Description Yersinia enterocolitica could suppress of TNF-alpha production. [92]
         Yersinia pestis (enterobacteria) MIC01401
             Description Specific CD8 T cellmediated protection against pneumonic plague (caused by Yersinia pestis Infection) is dependent on TNFAlpha and IFNGamma, but not on perforin. [93]
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