Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00726)
MIC Name Lactobacillus paracasei (firmicutes)
Body Site Gut
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Lactobacillaceae
Genus: Lactobacillus
Species: Lactobacillus paracasei
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Respiratory or Fermentative
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Probiotic; Commensal
Genome Size (bp) 2924325
No. of Coding Genes 2717
No. of Non-Coding Genes 75
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes 75
No. of Gene Transcripts 2792
No. of Base Pairs 2973347
Description Lactobacillus paracasei is a Gram-positive, facultatively heterofermentative species of lactic acid bacteria that are commonly used in dairy product fermentation and probiotics. L. paracasei is a bacterium that operates by commensalism. It is commonly found in many human habitats such as human intestinal tracts and mouths. It is has been identified as having probiotic properties.
External Links Taxonomy ID
1597
Genome Assembly ID
ASM119156v1
GOLD Organism ID
Go0003661
Disease Relevance
          Type 2 diabetes mellitus  [ICD-11: 5A11]
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei was associated with type 2 diabetes. [1]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          Interferon-12 subunit alpha
             HIF ID HIFM0130 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei could increase the expression level of IL-12. [2]
          Interleukin-1 beta
             HIF ID HIFM0138 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines IL-1Beta. [3]
          Interferon-4
             HIF ID HIFM0149 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines IL-1Beta. [3]
          Tumor necrosis factor
             HIF ID HIFM0226 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Nevertheless, all three strains Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291, Lactobacillus helveticus OFS 1515 andLactobacillus fermentum DR9 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines TNF-Alpha, IFN-Gamma and IL-1Beta as well as IL-4, the Thelper (Th) 2 cell promoter in the gut. [3]
          Interferon gamma
             HIF ID HIFM0260 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei could increase the level of IFN-Gamma. [2]
          Immunoglobulin G1
             HIF ID HIFM0269 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description The infection of Lactobacillus paracasei could increase the levels of IgG1. [2]
          Macrophages
             HIF ID HIFC0020 HIF Info       Class Macrophages (Mac)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei infection induced enhanced anti-inflammatory macrophages. [4]
          THP-1 monocytes
             HIF ID HIFC0214 HIF Info       Class Monocytes (Mono)
             Description THP-1 monocytes enzymatic activity were activated by a Rhamnose-rich hetero-exopolysaccharide isolated from Lactobacillus paracasei. [5]
          Natural Killer cells
             HIF ID HIFC0028 HIF Info       Class Natural killer cells (NKCs)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei could increase the level of NK cells. [2]
          T helper type 2 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0085 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines TNF-, IFN- and IL-1 as well as IL-4 produced by Th2 cells. [3]
          CD4+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0200 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei is related to the increase of CD4+FOXP3+ Treg cells in the MLNs. [6]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      1322
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0393
References
1 Global metabolic interaction network of the human gut microbiota for context-specific community-scale analysis. Nat Commun. 2017 Jun 6;8:15393. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15393.
2 Consumption of Dairy Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis and Heat-Treated Lactobacillus plantarum Improves Immune Function Including Natural Killer Cell Activity. Nutrients. 2017 May 31;9(6):558. doi: 10.3390/nu9060558.
3 Lactobacillus sp. improved microbiota and metabolite profiles of aging rats. Pharmacol Res. 2019 Aug;146:104312. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104312. Epub 2019 Jun 14.
4 Adapted Immune Responses of Myeloid-Derived Cells in Fatty Liver Disease.Front Immunol. 2018 Oct 18;9:2418. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02418. eCollection 2018.
5 A Novel Rhamnose-Rich Hetero-exopolysaccharide Isolated from Lactobacillus paracasei DG Activates THP-1 Human Monocytic Cells.Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Jan 17;83(3):e02702-16. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02702-16. Print 2017 Feb 1.
6 Development and maintenance of intestinal regulatory T cells.Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 May;16(5):295-309. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.36. Epub 2016 Apr 18.

If you find any error in data or bug in web service, please kindly report it to Dr. Tang and Dr. Mou.