General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0138)
HIF Name
Interleukin-1 beta
HIF Synonym(s)
interleukin 1 beta, IL1B, IL-1, IL1F2, IL1beta, IL1-BETA
HIF Classification
Cytokine (Cyt)
Molecular Function
Cytokine; Mitogen; Pyrogen
Description Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), also known as catabolin, is a cytokine of 269 amino acids (molecular weight 31 kDa). This cytokine is produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed to its active form by caspase-1. [1]
Pfam Interleukin-1 / 18 (PF00340 )
Interleukin-1 propeptide (PF02394 )
Pathway AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications (hsa04933 )
African trypanosomiasis (hsa05143 )
Alzheimer disease (hsa05010 )
Amoebiasis (hsa05146 )
Antifolate resistance (hsa01523 )
C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway (hsa04625 )
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) (hsa05142 )
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (hsa04060 )
Cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway (hsa04623 )
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis (hsa05418 )
Graft-versus-host disease (hsa05332 )
Hematopoietic cell lineage (hsa04640 )
Herpes simplex virus 1 infection (hsa05168 )
Human cytomegalovirus infection (hsa05163 )
IL-17 signaling pathway (hsa04657 )
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (hsa05321 )
Inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels (hsa04750 )
Influenza A (hsa05164 )
Legionellosis (hsa05134 )
Leishmaniasis (hsa05140 )
MAPK signaling pathway (hsa04010 )
Malaria (hsa05144 )
Measles (hsa05162 )
NF-kappa B signaling pathway (hsa04064 )
NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04621 )
Necroptosis (hsa04217 )
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (hsa04932 )
Osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380 )
Pathogenic Escherichia coli infection (hsa05130 )
Pertussis (hsa05133 )
Prion diseases (hsa05020 )
Rheumatoid arthritis (hsa05323 )
Salmonella infection (hsa05132 )
Shigellosis (hsa05131 )
TNF signaling pathway (hsa04668 )
Th17 cell differentiation (hsa04659 )
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04620 )
Tuberculosis (hsa05152 )
Type I diabetes mellitus (hsa04940 )
Yersinia infection (hsa05135 )
Sequence Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
Uniprot ID
IL1B_HUMAN
Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
         Aeromonas hydrophila (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00046
             Description The transcriptional levels of immune related genes such as IL-1beta could against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. [2]
         Alistipes finegoldii (CFB bacteria) MIC00064
             Description The Alistipes abundance was negatively correlated with IL-1beta. [3]
         Atopobium vaginae (actinobacteria) MIC00110
             Description Women with incident bacterial vaginosis higher concentrations of Atopobium vaginae when concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta were increased. [4]
         Bacillus firmus (firmicutes) MIC00127
             Description Bacilli is associated with IL-1beta expression. [5]
         Bifidobacterium catenulatum (actinobacteria) MIC00211
             Description Bifidobacterium catenulatum could stimulate the IL-1beta secretion. [6]
         Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (actinobacteria) MIC00219
             Description Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum significantly alleviated the D-GalN-induced increase in the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1. [7]
         Borrelia turicatae (spirochaetes) MIC00256
             Description Borrelia turicatae induced significant increases expression in IL-1beta. [8]
         Burkholderia cenocepacia (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00280
             Description Dendritic cells infected with Burkholderia cenocepacia have an increased expression of IL-1beta mRNA level. [9]
         Burkholderia multivorans (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00284
             Description The level of IL-1beta in Burkholderia multivorans-challenged mice was significantly higher (P < 0.0001). [10]
         Burkholderia pseudomallei (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00287
             Description Increased expression of IL-1beta was confined primarily to the area with the pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei within pyogranulomatous lesions. [11]
         Chlamydia muridarum (chlamydias) MIC00341
             Description Chlamydia muridarum could stimulate IL-1beta secretion. [12]
         Chlamydia pneumoniae (chlamydias) MIC00350
             Description Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection can increase IL-1 levels in the pancreas. [13]
         Clostridioides difficile (firmicutes) MIC00396
             Description The surface layer proteins (SLPs) among Clostridium difficile induced the production of the proinflammatory IL-1beta. [14]
         Coprobacillus cateniformis MIC00439
             Description Coprobacillus is associated with IL-1beta expression. [15]
         Corynebacterium amycolatum (actinobacteria) MIC00450
             Description Corynebacterium amycolatum stimulated high IL-1beta production. [16]
         Cutibacterium acnes (actinobacteria) MIC01031
             Description Propionibacterium acnes could mediate proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta. [17]
         Cyanobacteria (cyanobacteria) MIC00475
             Description Cyanobacteria is associated with IL-1beta expression. [18]
         Desulfovibrio sp. (delta-proteobacteria) MIC00493
             Description the abundance of Desulfovibrio is associated with increased levels of IL-1beta in ulcerative colitis patients. [19]
         Edwardsiella tarda (enterobacteria) MIC00518
             Description Edwardsiella tarda is associated with IL-1beta expression. [20]
         Enterococcus durans (firmicutes) MIC00547
             Description Enterococcus durans stimulates PBMC to increase secretion of cytokines IL-1. [21]
         Enterococcus faecalis (firmicutes) MIC00548
             Description Levels of IL-1B significantly increased in wounds infected with Enterococcus faecalis. [22]
         Filifactor alocis (firmicutes) MIC00595
             Description Filifactor alocis elicited a local inflammatory response with an increase in levels of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 1 (IL-1). [23]
         Gardnerella vaginalis (actinobacteria) MIC00626
             Description Gardnerella vaginalis colonization could cause 10-fold higher quantities with carrying a TLR4 polymorphism associated with lower response to LPS had no change in IL1 when colonized with BV-associated bacterial species. [24]
         Granulicatella adiacens (firmicutes) MIC00645
             Description Granulicatella is positive correlation with IL-1beta expression. [25]
         Klebsiella aerogenes (enterobacteria) MIC00530
             Description Enterobacter aerogenes is associated with IL-1beta expression. [26]
         Lactobacillus brevis (firmicutes) MIC00705
             Description Heat-killed Lactobacillus brevis promoted higher gene expression levels of IL-1Beta. [27]
         Lactobacillus helveticus (firmicutes) MIC01410
             Description Lactobacillus helveticus OFS 1515 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines IL-1Beta. [28]
         Lactobacillus paracasei (firmicutes) MIC00726
             Description Lactobacillus paracasei OFS 0291 alleviated proinflammatory cytokines IL-1Beta. [28]
         Lactobacillus plantarum (firmicutes) MIC00730
             Description Lactobacillus plantarum could stimulate the expression of the cytokines IL-1beta. [29]
         Lactobacillus salivarius (firmicutes) MIC00735
             Description Lactobacillus salivarius AR809 diminished proinflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of IL-1B. [30]
         Lactococcus lactis (firmicutes) MIC00745
             Description Significant increases in IL-1beta levels was found in Lactococcus lactis-inoculated glands. [31]
         Legionella pneumophila (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00751
             Description The secretion of IL-1beta is not required for response to Legionella pneumophila infection. [32]
         Leptotrichia goodfellowii (fusobacteria) MIC00762
             Description Leptotrichia was able to trigger the transcription level of proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1 in epithelial cell. [33]
         Listeria monocytogenes (firmicutes) MIC00771
             Description Listeria monocytogenes is associated with IL-1beta expression. [34]
         Methylorubrum extorquens (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00814
             Description The gene encoding IL-1beta was up-regulated during Methylobacterium infection. [35]
         Mycobacterium ulcerans (actinobacteria) MIC00852
             Description Mycobacterium marinum induced increased production of IL-1beta expression. [36]
         Mycoplasma genitalium (mycoplasmas) MIC00870
             Description There is no statistically significant differences in the levels of IL-1beta(p>0.05)in the Mollicutes infection with the health. [37]
         Mycoplasma hominis (mycoplasmas) MIC00871
             Description Mycoplasma hominis induces caspase-dependent IL-1beta secretion. [38]
         Mycoplasma pneumoniae (mycoplasmas) MIC00875
             Description Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection could trigger IL-1beta secretion. [39]
         Oscillibacter valericigenes (firmicutes) MIC01961
             Description The Oscillibacter abundance was significantly positively correlated with IL-1beta levels. [3]
         Paenibacillus larvae (firmicutes) MIC00941
             Description Paenibacillus is associated with IL-1beta expression. [40]
         Parasutterella excrementihominis (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00963
             Description Parasutterella is associated with increased levels of IL-1beta in ulcerative colitis patients. [19]
         Phenylobacterium (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00985
             Description IL-1beta levels were upregulated after Giardia elimination. [41]
         Plesiomonas shigelloides (enterobacteria) MIC00994
             Description The biological activities of Plesiomonas shigelloides lipid A can induce the productions of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta. [42]
         Porphyromonas gingivalis (CFB bacteria) MIC01000
             Description Porphyromonas gingivalis is associated with IL-1beta expression. [43]
         Prevotella bivia (CFB bacteria) MIC01007
             Description Prevotella bivia stimulate the release of interleukin1 (IL1) by dendritic cells (DC) through Tolllike receptor 2 (TLR2). [44]
         Prevotella nanceiensis (CFB bacteria) MIC01018
             Description Prevotella nanceiensis in the vaginal microbiota was associated with increased innate IL1beta cytokines. [44]
         Pseudomonas sp. (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC01053
             Description The gene expression of IL-1beta was consistently and significantly induced by Pseudomonas infection. [45]
         Shigella dysenteriae (enterobacteria) MIC01181
             Description Shigella dysenteriae infection resulted in the gradual induction of mRNA encoding IL-1beta in a time-dependent manner. [46]
         Shigella sonnei (enterobacteria) MIC01183
             Description Shigella sonnei infected cells was able to reduce pro-inflammatory immune responses such as IL-1Beta. [47]
         Spirochaetes (bacteria) MIC01204
             Description Spirochaetes is associated with IL-1beta expression. [48]
         Streptococcus gallolyticus (firmicutes) MIC01251
             Description IL-1b is more highly expressed in adenocarcinoma from mice that were introduced with Streptococcus gallolyticus. [49]
         Streptococcus intermedius (firmicutes) MIC01255
             Description Streptococcus intermedius could induce IL-1beta expression. [50]
         Subdoligranulum variabile (firmicutes) MIC01286
             Description IL-1beta release from PI-IBS(post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome) patients was significantly increased after stimulation with Subdoligranulum variabile. [51]
         Tannerella forsythia (CFB bacteria) MIC01305
             Description Tannerella forsythia may induce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1beta. [52]
         Treponema denticola (spirochetes) MIC01322
             Description Treponema denticola could stimulate the production of IL-1beta. [53]
         Treponema lecithinolyticum (spirochaetes) MIC01323
             Description Treponema lecithinolyticum activated human monocytes and PDL cells to induce production of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1bata. [54]
         Treponema maltophilum (spirochaetes) MIC01324
             Description Treponema maltophilum is associated with IL-1beta. [54]
         Treponema pallidum (spirochaetes) MIC01325
             Description Treponema pallidum-induced macrophages induced NLRP3-dependent IL-1beta secretion. [55]
         Trueperella pyogenes (actinobacteria) MIC01335
             Description Trueperella pyogenes is associated with IL-1beta expression. [56]
         Veillonella parvula (firmicutes) MIC01365
             Description Veillonella parvula has been demonstrated to induce the release of IL-1beta in human blood monocytes. [57]
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