General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01181)
MIC Name	Shigella dysenteriae (enterobacteria)
MIC Synonyms	Bacillus dysenteriae
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Gammaproteobacteria Order: Enterobacterales Family: Enterobacteriaceae Genus: Shigella Species: Shigella dysenteriae
Oxygen Sensitivity	Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Fermentative; Respiratory
Gram	Negative
Genome Size (bp)	4560911
Description	Shigella dysenteriae is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus Shigella. Shigella species can cause shigellosis. Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacteria. S. dysenteriae has the ability to invade and replicate in various species of epithelial cells and enterocytes.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	622
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM16807v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0000417
Disease Relevance
Shigella intestinal infection  [ICD-11: 1A02]
Description	Shigella dysenteriae can cause bacillary dysentery.				[1]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
RyhB
HGF ID	HGF1115	HGF Info	Class	Non-coding RNA: Small (ncRNA-sRNA)
Description	The RyhB suppresses plaque formation by inhibiting Shigella dysenteriae invasion of eukaryotic cells.				[2]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alpha
HIF ID	HIFM0064	HIF Info	Class	Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
Description	Shigella dysenteriae should be able to stimulate production of Alpha-MSH crossreactive auto-Abs.				[3]
B cells
HIF ID	HIFC0001	HIF Info	Class	B cells (BCs)
Description	Porin from Shigella dysenteriae was found to stimulate B cells.				[4]
IgA plasma B cell
HIF ID	HIFC0221	HIF Info	Class	B cells (BCs)
Description	Live Shigella dysenteriae 1 strains elicited a significant circulating IgA plasma cell expression.				[5]
Interleukin-1 beta
HIF ID	HIFM0138	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	Shigella dysenteriae infection resulted in the gradual induction of mRNA encoding IL-1beta in a time-dependent manner.				[6]
Immunoglobulin A
HIF ID	HIFM0272	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgA immune responses was associated with Shigella dysenteriae.				[7]
AKT Serine Kinase signaling pathway/AKT Threonine Kinase signaling pathway
HIF ID	HIFP0002	HIF Info	Class	Signaling pathway (SP)
Description	The abundance of Shigella dysenteriae is associated with Akt.				[6]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			74
gutMDisorder ID			gm0602

References
1	Distribution and characterization of Shiga toxin converting temperate phages carried by Shigella flexneri in Hispaniola. Infect Genet Evol. 2018 Nov;65:321-328. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.07.038. Epub 2018 Jul 31.
2	RyhB, an iron-responsive small RNA molecule, regulates Shigella dysenteriae virulence. Infect Immun. 2007 Jul;75(7):3470-7. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00112-07. Epub 2007 Apr 16.
3	Bacterial ClpB heat-shock protein, an antigen-mimetic of the anorexigenic peptide -MSH, at the origin of eating disorders.Transl Psychiatry. 2014 Oct 7;4(10):e458. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.98.
4	B-1 cells as a source of IgA.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015 Dec;1362:122-31. doi: 10.1111/nyas.12801. Epub 2015 Jun 9.
5	Safety and immunogenicity of SC599, an oral live attenuated Shigella dysenteriae type-1 vaccine in healthy volunteers: results of a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Vaccine. 2009 Feb 18;27(8):1184-91. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.12.021. Epub 2009 Jan 9.
6	Differential expression of gastric MUC5AC in colonic epithelial cells: TFF3-wired IL1 /Akt crosstalk-induced mucosal immune response against Shigella dysenteriae infection. J Cell Sci. 2012 Feb 1;125(Pt 3):703-13. doi: 10.1242/jcs.092148.
7	Protection of Human Colon Cells from Shiga Toxin by Plant-based Recombinant Secretory IgA.Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 3;7:45843. doi: 10.1038/srep45843.

If you find any error in data or bug in web service, please kindly report it to Dr. Tang and Dr. Mou.