Details of Host Immune Factor (HIF) Regulating Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0064)
HIF Name
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone alpha
HIF Synonym(s)
Alpha-Msh, AlphaMSH, alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, -MSH, Alpha-MSH
HIF Classification
Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
Molecular Function
Endorphin; Hormone
Description Alpha-MSH has been identified in humans. It forms the first line of host defense against pathogenic infections and are a key component of the ancient innate immune system. [1]
Pfam Corticotropin ACTH domain (PF00976 )
Opioids neuropeptide (PF08035 )
Pro-opiomelanocortin, N-terminal region (PF08384 )
Pathway Adipocytokine signaling pathway (hsa04920 )
Aldosterone synthesis and secretion (hsa04925 )
Cortisol synthesis and secretion (hsa04927 )
Cushing syndrome (hsa04934 )
Estrogen signaling pathway (hsa04915 )
Melanogenesis (hsa04916 )
Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction (hsa04080 )
cAMP signaling pathway (hsa04024 )
Sequence Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
Uniprot ID
COLI_HUMAN
APD ID
AP00449
Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
         Enterobacter sp. (enterobacteria) MIC00535
             Description Only ClpB from the Enterobacteriaceae family displayed the Alpha-MSH-like functional motifs, linking a relatively small number of specific gut bacteria with the melanocortin system. [2]
         Enterococcus sp. (firmicutes) MIC00552
             Description Enterococcus-based can be useful for modulation of Alpha-MSH autoAbs due to their Clp proteins sequence homology with the C-terminal of -MSH. [2]
         Escherichia coli (enterobacteria) MIC00516
             Description The ability of the Escherichia coli ClpB protein to stimulate production of Alpha-MSH crossreactive auto-Abs was validated. [3]
         Lactobacillus sp. (firmicutes) MIC00701
             Description Lactobacillus-based probiotics can be useful for modulation of the production of Alpha-MSH autoAbs due to their Clp proteins sequence homology with the C-terminal of -MSH. [2]
         Salmonella enterica (enterobacteria) MIC01150
             Description Salmonella enterica should be able to stimulate production of Alpha-MSH crossreactive auto-Abs. [3]
         Shigella dysenteriae (enterobacteria) MIC01181
             Description Shigella dysenteriae should be able to stimulate production of Alpha-MSH crossreactive auto-Abs. [3]
         Yersinia enterocolitica (enterobacteria) MIC01398
             Description Yersinia enerocolitica should able to stimulate production of Alpha-MSH crossreactive auto-Abs. [3]
References
1 APD3: the antimicrobial peptide database as a tool for research and education.Nucleic Acids Res. 2016 Jan 4;44(D1):D1087-93. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkv1278. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
2 On the origin of eating disorders: altered signaling between gut microbiota, adaptive immunity and the brain melanocortin system regulating feeding behavior.Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2019 Oct;48:82-91. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.07.004. Epub 2019 Aug 17.
3 Bacterial ClpB heat-shock protein, an antigen-mimetic of the anorexigenic peptide -MSH, at the origin of eating disorders.Transl Psychiatry. 2014 Oct 7;4(10):e458. doi: 10.1038/tp.2014.98.

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