Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01204)
MIC Name Spirochaetes (bacteria)
MIC Synonyms Spirochaetae
Body Site Oral Cavity
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Spirochaetes
Oxygen Sensitivity Obligate anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic
Gram Negative
Genome Size (bp) 2765477
Description Spirochete is an obligate anaerobe and Gram-negative any of a group of spiral-shaped bacteria, some of which are serious pathogens for humans, causing diseases such as syphilis, yaws, Lyme disease, and relapsing fever.
External Links Taxonomy ID
203691
GOLD Organism ID
Go0512460
Disease Relevance
          Lyme borreliosis  [ICD-11: 1C1G]
             Description The Spirochaetes species can cause Lyme disease. [1]
          Syphilis  [ICD-11: 1A60]
             Description The Spirochaetes species can cause syphilis. [1]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          C-C motif chemokine 2
             HIF ID HIFM0022 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description At the genus level, oral Spirochaetes is associated with the MCP-1 expression. [2]
          Interferon beta
             HIF ID HIFM0126 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Oral Spirochaetes infection could occured through activiate the pathogenic factor IFN-Beta(enzymatic activity). [2]
          Interleukin-1 beta
             HIF ID HIFM0138 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Spirochaetes is associated with IL-1beta expression. [2]
          Interferon-6
             HIF ID HIFM0151 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Spirochaetes is associated with IL-6 expression. [2]
          C-X-C motif chemokine 8
             HIF ID HIFM0153 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Spirochaetes is associated with IL-8 expression. [2]
          Tumor necrosis factor
             HIF ID HIFM0226 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description oral Spirochaetes could active TNF-Alpha production through TLR2MyD88 in macrophages. [2]
          Eosinophils
             HIF ID HIFC0007 HIF Info       Class Granulocytes (Gra)
             Description Leucine-rich repeat (LrrA) of oral spirochaetes involved the adherence and penetration of epithelial cells. [2]
          Macrophages
             HIF ID HIFC0020 HIF Info       Class Macrophages (Mac)
             Description Treponema lecithinolyticum among Spirochaetes induced the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-a, interferon-b and IL-1b by macrophage-like cell lines. [2]
          Monocytes
             HIF ID HIFC0024 HIF Info       Class Monocytes (Mono)
             Description Treponema lecithinolyticum among Spirochaetes induced the production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor-a, interferon-b and IL-1b by monocytes. [2]
          Toll-like receptor 2
             HIF ID HIFM0217 HIF Info       Class Toll-like receptor (TLR)
             Description Oral Spirochaetes which active TNF- production through TLR2 MyD88 in macrophages. [2]
          Toll-like receptor 4
             HIF ID HIFM0219 HIF Info       Class Toll-like receptor (TLR)
             Description Oral Spirochaetes can make TLR4 activation in macrophages. [2]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      526
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0616
References
1 A phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum Spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum. Front Microbiol. 2013 Jul 30;4:217. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00217. eCollection 2013.
2 New insights into the emerging role of oral spirochaetes in periodontal disease. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2011 Apr;17(4):502-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03460.x.

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