Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01257)
MIC Name Streptococcus mitis (firmicutes)
Body Site Oral Cavity
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Streptococcaceae
Genus: Streptococcus
Species: Streptococcus mitis
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Respiratory or Fermentative
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Pathogen
Genome Size (bp) 2146611
No. of Coding Genes 1985
No. of Non-Coding Genes 66
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes 66
No. of Gene Transcripts 2051
No. of Base Pairs 2127862
Description Streptococcus mitis, previously known as Streptococcus mitior, is a facultative anaerobic, Gram positive, catalase negative, mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of Streptococcus that inhabits the human mouth. It is most commonly found in the throat, nasopharynx, and mouth. It can cause infective endocarditis.
External Links Taxonomy ID
28037
Genome Assembly ID
ASM72277v1
GOLD Organism ID
Go0004354
Disease Relevance
          Coronary atherosclerosis  [ICD-11: BA80]
             Description Streptococcus mitis was associated with atherosclerosis. [1]
          Crohn disease  [ICD-11: DD70]
             Description The relative abundance of the Streptococcus salivarius group was raised in patients with crohns disease only compared with controls. [2]
          Infectious endocarditis  [ICD-11: BB40]
             Description Streptococcus mitis /oralis subgroup is one of the most common causes of infective endocarditis (IE). [3]
          Orofacial granulomatosis  [ICD-11: DA01]
             Description The relative abundance of the Streptococcus salivarius group was raised in patients with orofacial granulomatosis only compared with controls. [2]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          rs56293304
             HGF ID HGF1535 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Intron variant (SNP-IV)
             Description The rs56293304 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus mitis_oralis_pneumoniae (p-value<1.00E-08). [4]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          Interferon-6
             HIF ID HIFM0151 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Streptococcus mitis could reduce IL-6 protein levels. [5]
          Tumor necrosis factor
             HIF ID HIFM0226 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description In the PAO1 + Streptococcus mitis group, moderate inflammation, reduced IL-6 and TNF- protein levels, and decreased total cell counts were observed(p<0.05). [5]
          Immunoglobulin A1
             HIF ID HIFM0275 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description The activity of IgA1 proteases from Streptococcus mitis could effect enzymolysis of human immunoglobulin A1(lgA1). [6]
          Toll like receptor 4 signaling pathway
             HIF ID HIFP0046 HIF Info       Class Signaling pathway (SP)
             Description Infection with Streptococcus mitis together with Pseudomonas aeruginosa could alleviate lung inflammation in acute lung infection mouse models possibly via the TLR4 signaling pathway. [5]
          T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0002 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Streptococcus mitis reduced proliferation of T cells specific to an unrelated antigen. [5]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      32
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0624
             aBiofilm Organism
      Streptococcus mitis
References
1 Streptococcus mitis and Gemella haemolysans were simultaneously found in atherosclerotic and oral plaques of elderly without periodontitis-a pilot study. Clin Oral Investig. 2017 Jan;21(1):447-452. doi: 10.1007/s00784-016-1811-6. Epub 2016 Apr 2.
2 Streptococcus Salivarius: A Potential Salivary Biomarker for Orofacial Granulomatosis and Crohn's Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2019 Jul 17;25(8):1367-1374. doi: 10.1093/ibd/izz022.
3 Daptomycin Dose-Ranging Evaluation with Single-Dose versus Multidose Ceftriaxone Combinations against Streptococcus mitis/oralis in an Ex Vivo Simulated Endocarditis Vegetation Model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2019 May 24;63(6):e00386-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00386-19. Print 2019 Jun.
4 Host genetic variation and its microbiome interactions within the Human Microbiome Project.Genome Med. 2018 Jan 29;10(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13073-018-0515-8.
5 Effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus mitis mixed infection on TLR4-mediated immune response in acute pneumonia mouse model. BMC Microbiol. 2017 Apr 4;17(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12866-017-0999-1.
6 Effect of mutations in the human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) hinge on its susceptibility to cleavage by diverse bacterial IgA1 proteases.Infect Immun. 2005 Mar;73(3):1515-22. doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.3.1515-1522.2005.

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