Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01276)
MIC Name Streptococcus sp. (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms Streptococcus G418
Body Site Ocular Surface
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Streptococcaceae
Genus: Streptococcus
Species: Streptococcus sp.
Oxygen Sensitivity Anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Fermentative
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Pathogen
Description Streptococcus is a genus of Gram-positive coccus or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae.
External Links Taxonomy ID
1306
GOLD Organism ID
Go0003384
Disease Relevance
          Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease  [ICD-11: BA5Z]
             Description The abundance of Streptococcus spp. was higher in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease than in healthy controls. [1]
          Autoimmune liver disease  [ICD-11: DB96]
             Description Streptococcus was markedly overrepresented in PSC regardless of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). [2]
          Ulcerative colitis  [ICD-11: DD71]
             Description Streptococcus was markedly overrepresented in primary sclerosing cholangitis regardless of concomitant inflammatory bowel disease. [2]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          AMY1A
             HGF ID HGF2311 HGF Info       Class Copy Number Variation: Gene Duplication (CNV-GDu)
             Description Oral microbiome Streptococcus differs between high AMY1-CN and low AMY1-CN groups at the OTU level (p-value<0.05). [3]
          rs678
             HGF ID HGF1709 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Missense variant (SNP-MV)
             Description The rs678 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=1.40E-05). [4]
          rs4810479
             HGF ID HGF2104 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
             Description The rs4810479 SNP in mucosal immunity pathways influences the abundance of Streptococcus in the upper airway (p-value=8.54E-06). [5]
          rs4434138
             HGF ID HGF1312 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Missense variant (SNP-MV)
             Description The rs4434138 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=9.53E-06). [4]
          rs2251219
             HGF ID HGF1435 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Synonymous variant (SNP-SV)
             Description The rs2251219 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=7.98E-06). [4]
          rs2209683
             HGF ID HGF1840 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Intron variant (SNP-IV)
             Description The rs2209683 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=2.48E-07). [6]
          rs13621
             HGF ID HGF1449 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Downstream variant (SNP-DV)
             Description The rs13621 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=1.11E-05). [4]
          rs13231277
             HGF ID HGF1896 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Intron variant (SNP-IV)
             Description The rs13231277 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=4.18E-06). [4]
          rs11151122
             HGF ID HGF2153 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP)
             Description The rs11151122 SNP in mucosal immunity pathways influences the abundance of Streptococcus in the upper airway (p-value=3.93E-06). [5]
          rs1042779
             HGF ID HGF1708 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Missense variant (SNP-MV)
             Description The rs1042779 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Streptococcus (p-value=4.46E-06). [4]
          rs2066842
             HGF ID HGF1456 HGF Info       Class Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Missense variant (SNP-MV)
             Description The variant gene NOD2 of innate immunity rs2066842 is significantly associated with the abundance of gut micriobiota Streptococcaceae (p-value=0.0006). [7]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          B cells
             HIF ID HIFC0001 HIF Info       Class B cells (BCs)
             Description Streptococcus induced B cells to generate CNS-reactive autoantibodies. [8]
          Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9
             HIF ID HIFM0233 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The abundance of Streptococcus is associated with 4-1BB. [9]
          Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein
             HIF ID HIFM0213 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Higher concentrations of TGF-beta2 was associated with the increased relative abundance of several bacteria such as streptococcaceae(FDR adjusted p-value<0.05). [10]
          Tumor necrosis factor
             HIF ID HIFM0226 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description The different streptococci could induce varying levels of the cytokines TNF-Alpha. [11]
          Immunoglobulin G3
             HIF ID HIFM0267 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description The abundance of Streptococcaceae is associated with IgG3 response. [12]
          Immunoglobulin G1
             HIF ID HIFM0269 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description IgG1 could be against streptococcus. [13]
          Immunoglobulin G4
             HIF ID HIFM0278 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description IgG4 is associated with the abundance of Streptococcaceae. [12]
          CD14+ CD16+ monocytes
             HIF ID HIFC0209 HIF Info       Class Monocytes (Mono)
             Description CD14+CD16+ monocytes response were associated with the abundance of streptococci. [14]
          T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4
             HIF ID HIFM0050 HIF Info       Class T-cell receptor (TCR)
             Description HIV-pneumonia patients with low CD4 counts exhibited enrichment of specific Streptococcus. [15]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      62
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0624
References
1 Alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolism with coronary artery disease severity. Microbiome. 2019 Apr 26;7(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0683-9.
2 Distinct gut microbiota profiles in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol. 2017 Jul 7;23(25):4548-4558. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i25.4548.
3 Human Salivary Amylase Gene Copy Number Impacts Oral and Gut Microbiomes.Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Apr 10;25(4):553-564.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.03.001.
4 Host genetic variation impacts microbiome composition across human body sites.Genome Biol. 2015 Sep 15;16(1):191. doi: 10.1186/s13059-015-0759-1.
5 Host genetic variation in mucosal immunity pathways influences the upper airway microbiome.Microbiome. 2017 Feb 1;5(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40168-016-0227-5.
6 Genetic Determinants of the Gut Microbiome in UK Twins.Cell Host Microbe. 2016 May 11;19(5):731-43. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2016.04.017.
7 Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition.Gut Microbes. 2020 May 3;11(3):556-568. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1619440. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
8 Interactions between the microbiota, immune and nervous systems in health and disease. Nat Neurosci. 2017 Feb;20(2):145-155. doi: 10.1038/nn.4476. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
9 Microbiome Dependent Regulation of T(regs) and Th17 Cells in Mucosa.Front Immunol. 2019 Mar 8;10:426. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00426. eCollection 2019.
10 Breast Milk Transforming Growth Factor Is Associated With Neonatal Gut Microbial Composition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 Sep;65(3):e60-e67. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0000000000001585.
11 Immunomodulatory properties of Streptococcus and Veillonella isolates from the human small intestine microbiota. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e114277. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114277. eCollection 2014.
12 IgGs containing - and -type light chains and of all subclasses (IgG1-IgG4) from the sera of patients with autoimmune diseases and viral and bacterial infections hydrolyze DNA.J Mol Recognit. 2012 Jul;25(7):383-92. doi: 10.1002/jmr.2185.
13 Distinct IgG1 and IgG3 subclass responses to two streptococcal protein antigens in man: analysis of antibodies to streptolysin O and M protein using standardized subclass-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.Immunology. 1993 May;79(1):89-94.
14 The CD14+ CD16+ blood monocytes: their role in infection and inflammation.J Leukoc Biol. 2007 Mar;81(3):584-92. doi: 10.1189/jlb.0806510. Epub 2006 Nov 29.
15 Gut microbiota in HIV-pneumonia patients is related to peripheral CD4 counts, lung microbiota, and in vitro macrophage dysfunction. Microbiome. 2019 Mar 11;7(1):37. doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0651-4.

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