General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00414)
MIC Name	Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms	Bacillus ramosus
Body Site	Gut
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Firmicutes Class: Erysipelotrichia Order: Erysipelotrichales Family: Erysipelotrichaceae Genus: Erysipelatoclostridium Species: Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum
Oxygen Sensitivity	Obligate anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram	Positive
Host Relationship	Commensal
Genome Size (bp)	3234795
Description	Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum is an obligately anaerobic, Gram positive, non-motile, spore-forming bacterium that is among the gut flora of humans. In general, Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum does not cause disease, but may cause an infection. Infection can occur in both young children and older or immune-suppressed individuals.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	1547
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM15448v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0477359
Disease Relevance
Inflammatory bowel disease  [ICD-11: DD72]
Description	IgA protease-positive Clostridium ramosum didn't play a role in the induction of inflammatory bowel disease., unless the organism was first isolated from the patient with inflammatory bowel disease.				[1]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
C4B
HGF ID	HGF2348	HGF Info	Class	Copy Number Variation: Gene Duplication (CNV-GDu)
Description	The low C4B-CN has been significantly associated with the abundance of Clostridium ramosum (p-value<0.05).				[2]
rs1042714
HGF ID	HGF1935	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Stop gained (SNP-SG)
Description	The variant gene ADR2 of innate immunity rs1042714 is significantly associated with the abundance of gut micriobiota Clostridium ramosum (p-value=0.0239).				[3]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
Neutrophils
HIF ID	HIFC0029	HIF Info	Class	Granulocytes (Gra)
Description	Erysipelatoclostridium ramosum at neutrophil recovery was negatively correlated with subsequent acute severe graft-versus-host disease.				[4]
Immunoglobulin A
HIF ID	HIFM0272	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	Clostridium ramosum is negatively associated with IgA.				[5]
RORt+ regulatory T cells
HIF ID	HIFC0038	HIF Info	Class	T cells (TCs)
Description	Colonization with Clostridium ramosum (cluster XVIII) has been shown to induce an increase of RORt+ Treg cells.				[6]
RORt+FOXP3+CD4+ regulatory T cells
HIF ID	HIFC0193	HIF Info	Class	T cells (TCs)
Description	Clostridium ramosum is related to the accumulation of RORt+FOXP3+CD4+ Treg cells in the colon.				[6]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			202

References
1	Clostridium ramosum, an IgA protease-producing species and its ecology in the human intestinal tract. Microbiol Immunol. 1985;29(11):1019-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1985.tb00892.x.
2	C4B gene influences intestinal microbiota through complement activation in patients with paediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease.Clin Exp Immunol. 2017 Dec;190(3):394-405. doi: 10.1111/cei.13040. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
3	Variants in genes of innate immunity, appetite control and energy metabolism are associated with host cardiometabolic health and gut microbiota composition.Gut Microbes. 2020 May 3;11(3):556-568. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1619440. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
4	Stool Microbiota at Neutrophil Recovery Is Predictive for Severe Acute Graft vs Host Disease After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 29;65(12):1984-1991. doi: 10.1093/cid/cix699.
5	Impact of a 3-Months Vegetarian Diet on the Gut Microbiota and Immune Repertoire.Front Immunol. 2018 Apr 27;9:908. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00908. eCollection 2018.
6	Development and maintenance of intestinal regulatory T cells.Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 May;16(5):295-309. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.36. Epub 2016 Apr 18.

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