Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00550)
MIC Name Enterococcus gallinarum (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms Streptococcus gallinarum
Body Site Gut
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Lactobacillales
Family: Enterococcaceae
Genus: Enterococcus
Species: Enterococcus gallinarum
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Fermentative
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Commensal
Genome Size (bp) 3821349
No. of Coding Genes 2763
No. of Non-Coding Genes 53
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes 53
No. of Gene Transcripts 2816
No. of Base Pairs 2981524
Description Enterococus glinarum is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive species of Eererococcus. E.gallinarum demonsrates an inherent, low level restance to vancomyin. This species is known to cause clusters of infetion although it considered very rare. It is the only other known enterococcal species besides E. faecium and E. faecalis known to cause outbreaks and spread in hospitals.
External Links Taxonomy ID
1353
Genome Assembly ID
ASM82954v2
GOLD Organism ID
Go0004664
Disease Relevance
          Irritable bowel syndrome  [ICD-11: DD91]
             Description A patient with acute myeloid leukemia (M1) and chemotherapy after admission, the patient developed diarrhea with high fever. And Enterococcus gallinarum was isolated from the blood culture. [1]
          Providencia alcalifaciens gastroenteritis  [ICD-11: 1A40]
             Description Enterococcus concentrations have, in many cases, been shown to correlate with the incidence of waterborne gastroenteritis. [2]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          IL-12 subunit p70
             HIF ID HIFM0264 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description The different streptococci could induce varying levels of the cytokines IL-12p70. [3]
          Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor signaling pathway/Cytochrome P450 Family 1 Subfamily A Member 1 signaling pathway
             HIF ID HIFP0001 HIF Info       Class Signaling pathway (SP)
             Description Enterococcus gallinarum is associated with the activation of AhR-CYP1A1 pathway. [4]
          T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0002 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description The in vivo effects of vancomycin on T cells correlated with reduced Enterococcus gallinarum translocation. [4]
          T helper type 17 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0080 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Monocolonization with Enterococcus gallinarum induced Th17 cells in the small intestinal lamina propria. [4]
Environmental Factor(s)
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0287
             aBiofilm Organism
      Enterococcus gallinarum
References
1 [Enterococcus gallinarum septicemia in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 1999 Oct;73(10):1078-81. doi: 10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.73.1078.
2 Molecular confirmation of Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium from clinical, faecal and environmental sources. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2004;38(6):476-82. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2004.01518.x.
3 Immunomodulatory properties of Streptococcus and Veillonella isolates from the human small intestine microbiota. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e114277. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114277. eCollection 2014.
4 Translocation of a gut pathobiont drives autoimmunity in mice and humans. Science. 2018 Mar 9;359(6380):1156-1161. doi: 10.1126/science.aar7201.

If you find any error in data or bug in web service, please kindly report it to Dr. Tang and Dr. Mou.