General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0141)
HIF Name	Interferon-2
HIF Synonym(s)	interleukin 2, IL2, TCGF, lymphokine
HIF Classification	Cytokine (Cyt)
Molecular Function	Cytokine; Growth factor
Description	A gene on chromosome 4q26-q27 that encodes interleukin-2, a cytokine secreted by T cells in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation that plays a central role in the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes. IL-2 upregulates B-cells, monocytes, lymphokine-activated killer cells, natural killer cells and glioma cells.				[1]
Pfam	Interleukin 2 (PF00715 )
Pathway	Allograft rejection (hsa05330 )
	Autoimmune thyroid disease (hsa05320 )
	C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway (hsa04625 )
	Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) (hsa05142 )
	Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (hsa04060 )
	Graft-versus-host disease (hsa05332 )
	Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection (hsa05166 )
	Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (hsa05321 )
	Intestinal immune network for IgA production (hsa04672 )
	JAK-STAT signaling pathway (hsa04630 )
	Measles (hsa05162 )
	PI3K-Akt signaling pathway (hsa04151 )
	Pathways in cancer (hsa05200 )
	T cell receptor signaling pathway (hsa04660 )
	Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation (hsa04658 )
	Th17 cell differentiation (hsa04659 )
	Type I diabetes mellitus (hsa04940 )
	Viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor (hsa04061 )
	Yersinia infection (hsa05135 )
Sequence	Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
	Uniprot ID	IL2_HUMAN

Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (gamma-proteobacteria)			MIC00026
Description	An attenuated Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serovar 1 live vaccine prototype stimulated IL-2 production.				[2]
Bacteroides sp. (CFB bacteria)			MIC00176
Description	Bacteroidaceae is associated with IL-2 expression.				[3]
Brucella ovis (alpha-proteobacteria)			MIC00273
Description	Brucella ovis promote production of IL-2.				[4]
Enterococcus faecalis (firmicutes)			MIC00548
Description	IL-2 level was significantly lower when Enterococcus faecalis wound titers resolved to 105 CFU.				[5]
Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (firmicutes)			MIC00590
Description	Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is associated with IL-2.				[6]
Haemophilus ducreyi (gamma-proteobacteria)			MIC00650
Description	Haemophilus ducreyi stimulated secretion of IL-2 by keratinocytes.				[7]

References
1	Revisiting IL-2: Biology and therapeutic prospects.Sci Immunol. 2018 Jul 6;3(25):eaat1482. doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aat1482.
2	The live attenuated Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae triple-deletion mutant apxIC apxIIC apxIV-ORF1 strain, SLW05, Immunizes pigs against lethal challenge with Haemophilus parasuis. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013 Feb;20(2):134-9. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00458-12. Epub 2012 Dec 5.
3	Treatment with Subcritical Water-Hydrolyzed Citrus Pectin Ameliorated Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppression and Modulated Gut Microbiota Composition in ICR Mice. Molecules. 2020 Mar 12;25(6):1302. doi: 10.3390/molecules25061302.
4	Modulation of the cellular immune response after oral or subcutaneous immunization with microparticles containing Brucella ovis antigens. J Control Release. 2002 Dec 13;85(1-3):237-46. doi: 10.1016/s0168-3659(02)00276-6.
5	Enterococcus faecalis Modulates Immune Activation and Slows Healing During Wound Infection. J Infect Dis. 2017 Dec 19;216(12):1644-1654. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix541.
6	Association Between Gut Microbiota and CD4 Recovery in HIV-1 Infected Patients. Front Microbiol. 2018 Jul 2;9:1451. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01451. eCollection 2018.
7	The immune response to Haemophilus ducreyi resembles a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction throughout experimental infection of human subjects. J Infect Dis. 1998 Dec;178(6):1688-97. doi: 10.1086/314489.

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