General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0014)
HIF Name	Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
HIF Synonym(s)	hCAP18, LL-37 prosequence, CAP-18
HIF Classification	Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
Molecular Function	Antibiotic; Antimicrobial
Description	hCAP18/LL-37 prosequence (cathelin-like domain) human MUC7 20-Mer has been identified in humans. It forms the first line of host defense against pathogenic infections and are a key component of the ancient innate immune system.				[1]
Pfam	LPS binding domain of CAP18 (C terminal) (PF12153 )
Pathway	NOD-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04621 )
	Salivary secretion (hsa04970 )
	Staphylococcus aureus infection (hsa05150 )
	Tuberculosis (hsa05152 )
Sequence	Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
	Uniprot ID	CAMP_HUMAN

Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
Corynebacteriales (actinobacteria)			MIC00842
Description	The human cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37: a multifunctional peptide involved in the abundance of mycobacterial infections.				[2]
Escherichia coli (enterobacteria)			MIC00516
Description	LL-37 showed the high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, and its minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) determined for Escherichia coli was 1.65 uM. The LL-37 could permeabilize cell membranes of Escherichia coli by increasing the beta-galactosidase activity.				[3]
Glaesserella parasuis (gamma-proteobacteria)			MIC00654
Description	The Haemophilus-dominant profile was associated with higher risks of intensive care among infants with lower LL-37 expression levels.				[4]
Listeria monocytogenes (firmicutes)			MIC00771
Description	Several AMPs such as LL-37 exerts potent antimicrobial enzymatic activity against Listeria monocytogenes.				[2]
Shigella boydii (enterobacteria)			MIC01180
Description	Shigella was found to switch-off the LL-37 expression.				[2]
Staphylococcus aureus (firmicutes)			MIC01208
Description	The LL-37 of 2M with sub-bactericidal concentrations of lugdunin of 0.38M can result in Staphylococcus aureus killing.				[5]
Staphylococcus epidermidis (firmicutes)			MIC01214
Description	LL-37 showed considerable activity (MIC, <10g/ml) against Staphylococcus epidermidis.				[6]

References
1	Antimicrobial peptides and the skin immune defense system.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Aug;122(2):261-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.03.027. Epub 2008 Apr 25.
2	The human cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37: a multifunctional peptide involved in mycobacterial infections.Peptides. 2010 Sep;31(9):1791-8. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.06.016. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
3	High level expression and purification of antimicrobial human cathelicidin LL-37 in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2010 Sep;88(1):167-75. doi: 10.1007/s00253-010-2736-7.
4	Serum cathelicidin, nasopharyngeal microbiota, and disease severity among infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis.J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Apr;139(4):1383-1386.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.09.037. Epub 2016 Nov 12.
5	Lugdunin amplifies innate immune responses in the skin in synergy with host- and microbiota-derived factors.Nat Commun. 2019 Jun 21;10(1):2730. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10646-7.
6	Intestinal antimicrobial peptides during homeostasis, infection, and disease.Front Immunol. 2012 Oct 9;3:310. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00310. eCollection 2012.

If you find any error in data or bug in web service, please kindly report it to Dr. Tang and Dr. Mou.