Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC01214)
MIC Name Staphylococcus epidermidis (firmicutes)
MIC Synonyms Albococcus epidermidis
Body Site Skin
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Bacilli
Order: Bacillales
Family: Staphylococcaceae
Genus: Staphylococcus
Species: Staphylococcus epidermidis
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Respiratory or Fermentative
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Opportunistic pathogen; Probiotic
Genome Size (bp) 2339868
No. of Coding Genes 2185
No. of Non-Coding Genes 73
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes 73
No. of Gene Transcripts 2258
No. of Base Pairs 2417500
Description Staphylococcus epidermidis is a facultative anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium. It is part of the normal human flora, typically the skin flora, and less commonly the mucosal flora. Although S. epidermidis is not usually pathogenic, patients with compromised immune systems are at risk of developing infection.
External Links Taxonomy ID
1282
Genome Assembly ID
SE1457
GOLD Organism ID
Go0005525
Disease Relevance
          Dermatitis and eczema  [ICD-11: EA80]
             Description Staphylococcus epidermidis was associated with atopic dermatitis. [1]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          RsaE
             HGF ID HGF1113 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Small (ncRNA-sRNA)
             Description The small non-coding RNA RsaE influences extracellular matrix composition in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm communities. [2]
          IcaZ ncRNA
             HGF ID HGF1089 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Long Non-coding (ncRNA-lncRNA)
             Description The IcaZ ncRNA represents an unprecedented novel species-specific player involved in the control of PIA production in NBSP Staphylococcus epidermidis. [3]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide
             HIF ID HIFM0014 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description LL-37 showed considerable activity (MIC, <10g/ml) against Staphylococcus epidermidis. [4]
          Human resistin
             HIF ID HIFM0199 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The skin commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis was susceptible to hRETN. [5]
          Substance P
             HIF ID HIFM0215 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Substance P is without effect on the growth of gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis. [6]
          Calcitonin gene-related peptide
             HIF ID HIFM0282 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Calcitonin gene-related peptide-treated Staphylococcus epidermidis could activate an inflammatory response. [6]
          TLN-58
             HIF ID HIFM0332 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description TLN-58 has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis. [7]
          HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G
             HIF ID HIFM0117 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description Staphylococcus epidermidis-induced CD8+ T cells have a distinct cytokine profile and an unconventional HLAG(MHC I) expression restriction. [8]
          Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 15
             HIF ID HIFM0224 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The Staphylococcus epidermidis could activate TL1A expression in human APC, including monocytes and monocyte-derived DC. [9]
          CD103+ dendritic cells
             HIF ID HIFC0006 HIF Info       Class Dendritic cells (DCs)
             Description Staphylococcus epidermidis can interact with CD103+ DCs to enhance barrier function. [10]
          Polymorphonuclear leukocytes
             HIF ID HIFC0017 HIF Info       Class Granulocytes (Gra)
             Description Preterm polymorphonuclear leukocytes had a decreased capacity to increase the oxidative burst in response to Streptococcus epidermidis stimulation. [11]
          Immunoglobulin G
             HIF ID HIFM0270 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description Staphylococcus epidermidis was associated with IgG response. [10]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      369
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0621
             aBiofilm Organism
      Staphylococcus epidermidis
References
1 Nasal and skin microbiomes are associated with disease severity in paediatric atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2019 Oct;181(4):796-804. doi: 10.1111/bjd.17755. Epub 2019 Jul 11.
2 The small non-coding RNA RsaE influences extracellular matrix composition in Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilm communities. PLoS Pathog. 2019 Mar 14;15(3):e1007618. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007618. eCollection 2019 Mar.
3 A non-coding RNA from the intercellular adhesion (ica) locus of Staphylococcus epidermidis controls polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA)-mediated biofilm formation. Mol Microbiol. 2019 Jun;111(6):1571-1591. doi: 10.1111/mmi.14238. Epub 2019 Apr 6.
4 Intestinal antimicrobial peptides during homeostasis, infection, and disease.Front Immunol. 2012 Oct 9;3:310. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00310. eCollection 2012.
5 Seeing Is Believing: Vitamin A Promotes Skin Health through a Host-Derived Antibiotic.Cell Host Microbe. 2019 Jun 12;25(6):769-770. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.05.011.
6 Substance P and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide: Key Regulators of Cutaneous Microbiota Homeostasis.Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Jan 30;8:15. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00015. eCollection 2017.
7 TLN-58, an Additional hCAP18 Processing Form, Found in the Lesion Vesicle of Palmoplantar Pustulosis in the Skin.J Invest Dermatol. 2017 Feb;137(2):322-331. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.044. Epub 2016 Oct 19.
8 Non-classical Immunity Controls Microbiota Impact on Skin Immunity and Tissue Repair.Cell. 2018 Feb 8;172(4):784-796.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.12.033. Epub 2018 Jan 18.
9 Microbial induction of inflammatory bowel disease associated gene TL1A (TNFSF15) in antigen presenting cells.Eur J Immunol. 2009 Nov;39(11):3239-50. doi: 10.1002/eji.200839087.
10 Microbiota and host immune responses: a love-hate relationship. Immunology. 2016 Jan;147(1):1-10. doi: 10.1111/imm.12538. Epub 2015 Nov 2.
11 Defective neutrophil oxidative burst in preterm newborns on exposure to coagulase-negative staphylococci.Pediatr Res. 2004 Jun;55(6):966-71. doi: 10.1203/01.pdr.0000127018.44938.89.

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