General Information of HIF (ID: HIFM0137)
HIF Name
Interleukin-1 alpha
HIF Synonym(s)
interleukin 1 alpha, IL1A, IL1, IL-1A, IL1F1, IL1-ALPHA, IL-1 alpha
HIF Classification
Cytokine (Cyt)
Molecular Function
Cytokine; Mitogen; Pyrogen
Description Interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1), a pro-inflammatory cytokine of 271 amino acids, is mainly produced by activated macrophages, as well as neutrophils, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells. [1]
Pfam Interleukin-1 / 18 (PF00340 )
Interleukin-1 propeptide (PF02394 )
Pathway AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications (hsa04933 )
Alzheimer disease (hsa05010 )
Cellular senescence (hsa04218 )
Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction (hsa04060 )
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis (hsa05418 )
Graft-versus-host disease (hsa05332 )
Hematopoietic cell lineage (hsa04640 )
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (hsa05321 )
Influenza A (hsa05164 )
Leishmaniasis (hsa05140 )
MAPK signaling pathway (hsa04010 )
Measles (hsa05162 )
Necroptosis (hsa04217 )
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (hsa04932 )
Osteoclast differentiation (hsa04380 )
Pertussis (hsa05133 )
Prion diseases (hsa05020 )
Rheumatoid arthritis (hsa05323 )
Tuberculosis (hsa05152 )
Type I diabetes mellitus (hsa04940 )
Sequence Click here to download the HIF sequence in FASTA format
External Links
Uniprot ID
IL1A_HUMAN
Microbe Species (MIC) Regulated by This HIF
         Burkholderia pseudomallei (beta-proteobacteria) MIC00287
             Description Increased expression of IL-1alpha was confined primarily to the area with the pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei within pyogranulomatous lesions. [2]
         Glaesserella parasuis (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00654
             Description IL-1alpha expression increased in lung during Haemophilus parasuis infection. [3]
         Lactobacillus plantarum (firmicutes) MIC00730
             Description Lactobacillus plantarum could stimulate the expression of the cytokines IL-1alpa. [4]
         Methylorubrum extorquens (alpha-proteobacteria) MIC00814
             Description The gene encoding IL-1alpha was up-regulated during Methylobacterium infection. [5]
         Mycoplasma pneumoniae (mycoplasmas) MIC00875
             Description MyD88 KO BMDMs infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae showed complete loss of IL-1(p<0.001). [6]
         Pasteurella multocida (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC00967
             Description Pasteurella multocida was able to induce the subsequent immunomodulatory cytokines such as IL-1alpha. [7]
         Prevotella bivia (CFB bacteria) MIC01007
             Description Prevotella bivia could induce high expression levels of IL-1alpha. [8]
         Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeasts) MIC01145
             Description Saccharomyces cerevisiae inhibited IL-1alpha transcript expression in non-differentiated IPEC-J2 cell line. [9]
         Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (gamma-proteobacteria) MIC01231
             Description Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infection induces a significantly higher proinflammatory cytokine response such as IL-1alpha at 100pg/ml(p<0.01). [10]
         Streptococcus cristatus (firmicutes) MIC01246
             Description The RT-PCR confirmed the messenger RNA attenuation of IL-1alpha by Streptococcus cristatus. [11]
         Streptococcus thermophilus (firmicutes) MIC01272
             Description Streptococcus thermophilus 285 upregulated expression of IL-1alpha. [12]
References
1 Targeting IL-1 in cancer cachexia: a narrative review.Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2018 Dec;12(4):453-459. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000398.
2 Dysregulation of TNF- and IFN- expression is a common host immune response in a chronically infected mouse model of melioidosis when comparing multiple human strains of Burkholderia pseudomallei. BMC Immunol. 2020 Feb 3;21(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12865-020-0333-9.
3 Haemophilus parasuis: infection, immunity and enrofloxacin. Vet Res. 2015 Oct 28;46:128. doi: 10.1186/s13567-015-0263-3.
4 Short communication: Complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum J26, a probiotic strain with immunomodulatory activity. J Dairy Sci. 2019 Dec;102(12):10838-10844. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-16593. Epub 2019 Sep 20.
5 Bacteria in the adventitia of cardiovascular disease patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One. 2014 May 29;9(5):e98627. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098627. eCollection 2014.
6 NLRP3 Is a Critical Regulator of Inflammation and Innate Immune Cell Response during Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection. Infect Immun. 2017 Dec 19;86(1):e00548-17. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00548-17. Print 2018 Jan.
7 Pasteurella multocida and immune cells. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2012;361:53-72. doi: 10.1007/82_2012_204.
8 The immune response to Prevotella bacteria in chronic inflammatory disease. Immunology. 2017 Aug;151(4):363-374. doi: 10.1111/imm.12760. Epub 2017 Jun 20.
9 Saccharomyces cerevisiae modulates immune gene expressions and inhibits ETEC-mediated ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways in intestinal epithelial cells. PLoS One. 2011 Apr 4;6(4):e18573. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018573.
10 Cooperativity between Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa during Polymicrobial Airway Infections. Infect Immun. 2020 Mar 23;88(4):e00855-19. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00855-19. Print 2020 Mar 23.
11 Streptococcus cristatus attenuates Fusobacterium nucleatum-induced cytokine expression by influencing pathways converging on nuclear factor-B. Mol Oral Microbiol. 2011 Apr;26(2):150-63. doi: 10.1111/j.2041-1014.2010.00600.x. Epub 2011 Jan 27.
12 Streptococcus thermophilus alters the expression of genes associated with innate and adaptive immunity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PLoS One. 2020 Feb 11;15(2):e0228531. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228531. eCollection 2020.

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