General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00891)
MIC Name	Neisseria meningitidis (beta-proteobacteria)
MIC Synonyms	Diplokokkus intracellularis meningitidis
Body Site	Oral Cavity
Lineage	Kingdom: Bacteria Phylum: Proteobacteria Class: Betaproteobacteria Order: Neisseriales Family: Neisseriaceae Genus: Neisseria Species: Neisseria meningitidis
Oxygen Sensitivity	Aerobe
Microbial Metabolism	Glutamic acid metabolism; Utilize iron as an electron acceptor
Gram	Negative
Host Relationship	Pathogen
Genome Size (bp)	2187672
No. of Coding Genes	2461
No. of Non-Coding Genes	71
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes	71
No. of Gene Transcripts	2532
No. of Base Pairs	2188020
Description	Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as meningococcus, is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis.
External Links	Taxonomy ID	487
	Genome Assembly ID	ASM62659v1
	GOLD Organism ID	Go0520905
Disease Relevance
Bacterial meningitis  [ICD-11: 1D01]
Description	Neisseria meningitidis was associated with bacterial meningitis.				[1]
Meningococcal disease  [ICD-11: 1C1C]
Description	Neisseria meningitidis was associated with invasive meningococcal disease.				[2]
Obesity  [ICD-11: 5B81]
Description	Neisseria meningitidis was associated with genetic variants in Obesity.				[3]

Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
rs9350319
HGF ID	HGF1865	HGF Info	Class	Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Intron variant (SNP-IV)
Description	The rs9350319 SNP was significantly associated with the abundance of Neisseria meningitidis (p-value<1.00E-08).				[4]

Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
CEA cell adhesion molecule 1
HIF ID	HIFM0057	HIF Info	Class	Checkpoint molecule (CM)
Description	CEACAM1 serves as a receptor for Neisseria meningitidis pathogens in humans.				[5]
Interferon-10
HIF ID	HIFM0128	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	Acute infection with Neisseria meningitidis,the IL-10 expression could be increased.				[6]
Interferon gamma
HIF ID	HIFM0260	HIF Info	Class	Cytokine (Cyt)
Description	The abundance of Neisseria meningitidis is associated with IFN-Gamma.				[6]
Immunoglobulin alpha Fc receptor
HIF ID	HIFM0097	HIF Info	Class	Fc Receptor (FCR)
Description	Enhanced in vitro uptake of Neisseria meningitidis by neutrophils after targeting of FcRI(CD89) has been demonstrated.				[7]
Immunoglobulin M
HIF ID	HIFM0266	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgM response is associated with Neisseria meningitidis which can cause septic shock.				[8]
Immunoglobulin G2
HIF ID	HIFM0268	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgG2 could response to Meningococcus.				[9]
Immunoglobulin G1
HIF ID	HIFM0269	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgG1 could response to Meningococcus.				[9]
Immunoglobulin A1
HIF ID	HIFM0275	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	The activity of IgA1 proteases from Neisseria meningitidis could effect enzymolysis of human immunoglobulin A1(lgA1).				[10]
Immunoglobulin D
HIF ID	HIFM0277	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgD could bound to a protein derived from Neisseria meningitidis.				[11]
Immunoglobulin G
HIF ID	HIFM0270	HIF Info	Class	Immunoglobulin (Ig)
Description	IgG was used to remain free from Neisseria menningitidis infection.				[12]
CD4+ helper T cells
HIF ID	HIFC0068	HIF Info	Class	T cells (TCs)
Description	Neisseria meningitidis induced more TH1 cytokine (low IL-10/IFN- ratio) in young children.				[6]
T helper type 2 cells
HIF ID	HIFC0085	HIF Info	Class	T cells (TCs)
Description	Neisseria meningitidis induced more TH2 cytokine (higher IL-10/IFN- ratio) in older children.				[6]

Environmental Factor(s)
Disbiome ID			991
gutMDisorder ID			gm0466

References
1	Acute Community-Acquired Bacterial Meningitis. Neurol Clin. 2018 Nov;36(4):809-820. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
2	Characterization of capsule genes in non-pathogenic Neisseria species. Microb Genom. 2018 Sep;4(9):e000208. doi: 10.1099/mgen.0.000208. Epub 2018 Aug 3.
3	M-GWAS for the gut microbiome in Chinese adults illuminates on complex diseases. bioRxiv, 2019.
4	Host genetic variation and its microbiome interactions within the Human Microbiome Project.Genome Med. 2018 Jan 29;10(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13073-018-0515-8.
5	CEACAM1 in Liver Injury, Metabolic and Immune Regulation.Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Oct 11;19(10):3110. doi: 10.3390/ijms19103110.
6	Cellular immune responses to Neisseria meningitidis in children. Infect Immun. 1999 May;67(5):2452-63.
7	The human immunoglobulin A Fc receptor FcRI: a multifaceted regulator of mucosal immunity. Mucosal Immunol. 2011 Nov;4(6):612-24. doi: 10.1038/mi.2011.36. Epub 2011 Sep 21.
8	A Position Paper on IgM-Enriched Intravenous Immunoglobulin Adjunctive Therapy in Severe Acute Bacterial Infections: The TO-PIRO SCORE Proposal.New Microbiol. 2019 Jul;42(3):176-180. Epub 2019 Jun 3.
9	Are there any clinical indications for measuring IgG subclasses. Ann Clin Biochem. 2002 Jul;39(Pt 4):374-7. doi: 10.1258/000456302760042678.
10	Effect of mutations in the human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) hinge on its susceptibility to cleavage by diverse bacterial IgA1 proteases.Infect Immun. 2005 Mar;73(3):1515-22. doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.3.1515-1522.2005.
11	A fusion protein derived from Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria meningitidis aimed for immune modulation of human B cells.Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2015;11(9):2223-7. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1034917. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
12	Antibodies to vaccine antigens in pooled polyclonal human IgG products.Transfusion. 2018 Dec;58 Suppl 3:3096-3105. doi: 10.1111/trf.15017.

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