Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00402)
MIC Name Clostridium leptum (firmicutes)
Body Site Gut
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Firmicutes
Class: Clostridia
Order: Clostridiales
Family: Ruminococcaceae
Genus: Ruminiclostridium
Species: Clostridium leptum
Oxygen Sensitivity Anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Fermentative; Reduction
Gram Positive
Host Relationship Commensal
Genome Size (bp) 3270109
Description Clostridium leptum is a bacterium species in the genus Clostridium. It forms a subgroup of human fecal microbiota. Its reduction relative to other members of the gut microbiota has been observed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
External Links Taxonomy ID
1535
Genome Assembly ID
ASM15434v1
GOLD Organism ID
Go0002246
Disease Relevance
          Coeliac disease  [ICD-11: DA95]
             Description Bacterial counts of Clostridium leptum increased when the genetic risk of coeliac disease was increased. [1]
          Crohn disease  [ICD-11: DD70]
             Description Crohns disease was associated with Clostridium leptum infection. [2]
          Diseases of coronary artery  [ICD-11: BA8Z]
             Description Clostridium leptum was associated with coronary heart disease. [3]
          Graves disease  [ICD-11: 5A02]
             Description Clostridium leptum was associated with graves' disease. [4]
          Inflammatory bowel disease  [ICD-11: DD72]
             Description Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with Clostridium leptum infection. [2]
          Rheumatoid arthritis  [ICD-11: FA20]
             Description Clostridium leptum was associated with genetic variants in Rheumatoid Arthritis. [5]
          Ulcerative colitis  [ICD-11: DD71]
             Description Clostridium leptum numbers and diversity were significantly reduced inulcerative colitis. [2]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          TLR9
             HGF ID HGF2343 HGF Info       Class Copy Number Variation: Gene Deletion (CNV-GDe)
             Description The deletion of TLR9 has been associated with the higher levels of Clostridium leptum. [6]
          SLC2A2
             HGF ID HGF2352 HGF Info       Class Copy Number Variation: Gene Deletion (CNV-GDe)
             Description The deletion of GLUT2 has been significantly associated with the increased abundance of Clostridium leptum (p-value<0.05). [7]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          Interferon-13
             HIF ID HIFM0132 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th2 cell responses,which secreted the cytokine IL-13. [8]
          Interleukin-17A
             HIF ID HIFM0134 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th17 cell responses,which were characterized by IL-17A production. [8]
          Interleukin-17F
             HIF ID HIFM0135 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th17 cell responses,which were characterized by IL-17F production. [8]
          Interferon-21
             HIF ID HIFM0142 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th17 cell responses,which were characterized by IL-21 production. [8]
          Interleukin-23 subunit alpha
             HIF ID HIFM0144 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th17 cell responses,which were associated with IL-23 production. [8]
          Interferon-4
             HIF ID HIFM0149 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description IL-23 expression level is decreased in the Clostridium leptum infection mice. [8]
          Interferon-5
             HIF ID HIFM0150 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells, resulting in the inhibition of Th2 cell responses,which secreted IL-5. [8]
          Interferon gamma
             HIF ID HIFM0260 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description Related cytokines (IFN-Gamma, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, IL-23) could be decrease in the OVA-sensitized fed-Clostridium leptum adult mice. [8]
          Regulatory T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0030 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung concurrent with increased Treg cells. [8]
          CD4+ helper T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0068 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung, resulting in the inhibition of Th1 cell responses. [8]
          T helper type 17 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0080 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung, resulting in the inhibition of Th17 cell responses. [8]
          T helper type 2 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0085 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung, resulting in the inhibition of Th2 cell responses. [8]
          T helper type 9 cells
             HIF ID HIFC0086 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Early-life Clostridium leptum exposure induced an immunosuppressive environment in the lung, resulting in the inhibition of Th9 cell responses. [8]
          CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0192 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Clostridium leptum is related to the increase of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Treg cells in the spleen and MLNs. [9]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      188
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0204
References
1 Influence of milk-feeding type and genetic risk of developing coeliac disease on intestinal microbiota of infants: the PROFICEL study. PLoS One. 2012;7(2):e30791. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030791. Epub 2012 Feb 3.
2 Clostridium leptum group bacteria abundance and diversity in the fecal microbiota of patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a case-control study in India. BMC Gastroenterol. 2013 Jan 26;13:20. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-13-20.
3 Age-dependent association of gut bacteria with coronary atherosclerosis: Tampere Sudden Death Study. PLoS One. 2019 Aug 22;14(8):e0221345. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221345. eCollection 2019.
4 Molecular Alteration Analysis of Human Gut Microbial Composition in Graves' disease Patients. Int J Biol Sci. 2018 Sep 7;14(11):1558-1570. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.24151. eCollection 2018.
5 M-GWAS for the gut microbiome in Chinese adults illuminates on complex diseases. bioRxiv, 2019.
6 Current understanding of the gut microbiota shaping mechanisms.J Biomed Sci. 2019 Aug 21;26(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12929-019-0554-5.
7 Intestinal invalidation of the glucose transporter GLUT2 delays tissue distribution of glucose and reveals an unexpected role in gut homeostasis.Mol Metab. 2016 Nov 4;6(1):61-72. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.008. eCollection 2017 Jan.
8 Early-Life Exposure to Clostridium leptum Causes Pulmonary Immunosuppression. PLoS One. 2015 Nov 13;10(11):e0141717. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141717. eCollection 2015.
9 Development and maintenance of intestinal regulatory T cells.Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 May;16(5):295-309. doi: 10.1038/nri.2016.36. Epub 2016 Apr 18.

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