Details of Microbe Species (MIC)

General Information of MIC (ID: MIC00366)
MIC Name Citrobacter rodentium (enterobacteria)
MIC Synonyms Citrobacter sp. biovar 4280
Body Site Mucosa
Lineage Kingdom: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Citrobacter
Species: Citrobacter rodentium
Oxygen Sensitivity Facultative anaerobe
Microbial Metabolism Saccharolytic; Respiratory or Fermentative
Gram Negative
Genome Size (bp) 5444283
No. of Coding Genes 4828
No. of Non-Coding Genes 135
No. of Small Non-Coding Genes 135
No. of Gene Transcripts 4963
No. of Base Pairs 5385810
Description Citrobacter rodentium is a facultatively anaerobic, Gram negative bacterium. It can survive in both anaerobic or aerobic conditions. It is a specific attaching and effacing mouse pathogen which colonize gastrointestinal system.
External Links Taxonomy ID
67825
Genome Assembly ID
ASM83592v1
GOLD Organism ID
Go0202976
Disease Relevance
          Inflammatory bowel disease  [ICD-11: DD72]
             Description Inflammatory bowel disease was associated with Citrobacter rodentium infection. [1]
          Vibrio mimicus gastroenteritis  [ICD-11: 1A40]
             Description Colitis was associated with Citrobacter rodentium infection. [1]
Host Genetic Factors (HGFs)
          hsa-miR-142-3p
             HGF ID HGF0648 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-142-3p was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
          hsa-miR-146a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0252 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The level of miR-146 expression and a specific host miRNA response with it takes place during infection with Citrobacter rodentium. [3]
          hsa-miR-155-5p
             HGF ID HGF0243 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The deficiency of miR-155-5p resulted in a longer bacterial clearance time and an impaired humoral immune response to Citrobacter rodentium infection at intestinal lumen level. [4]
          hsa-miR-17-5p
             HGF ID HGF0239 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-17 was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
          hsa-miR-20a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0214 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-20a was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
          hsa-miR-203a-3p
             HGF ID HGF0208 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-203 was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
          hsa-miR-21-5p
             HGF ID HGF0204 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-21 was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
          mmu-miR-7a-5p
             HGF ID HGF0015 HGF Info       Class Non-coding RNA: Micro (ncRNA-miRNA)
             Description The expression of miR-7a was significantly up-regulated upon infection by Citrobacter rodentium pathogensa (p-value<0.05). [2]
Host Immune Factors (HIFs)
          alpha-defensins
             HIF ID HIFM0087 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description Addition of AAs inhibited maturation of alpha-defensins, which enhanced colonization of Citrobacter rodentium in the ileum. [5]
          Regenerating islet-derived protein 3-gamma
             HIF ID HIFM0198 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description It was described that microbiota transplantation from resistant to susceptible wild-type mice before Citrobacter rodentium infection caused delayed pathogen colonization and mortality due to IL-22 mediated production of RegIII. [6]
          Human resistin
             HIF ID HIFM0199 HIF Info       Class Antimicrobial peptide (AMP)
             Description The viability of Citrobacter rodentium declined 90% decline in viability after a 2-h exposure to 10M hRETN. [7]
          B cells
             HIF ID HIFC0001 HIF Info       Class B cells (BCs)
             Description B cells expressed INOS appears to have a critical role in regulating intestinal inflammation and antibacterial defense to Citrobacter rodentium. [8]
          IgA plasma B cell
             HIF ID HIFC0221 HIF Info       Class B cells (BCs)
             Description The number of IgA plasma cell quickly accumulated in the cecum/colon in responses to Citrobacter rodentium [8]
          B- and T-lymphocyte attenuator
             HIF ID HIFM0009 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The expression of Btla-/- was not susceptible to mucosal Citrobacter rodentium infection [9]
          Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 7
             HIF ID HIFM0053 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The lamina propria cells CD70 were associated with the antimicrobial defense and mucosal immunity in against of intestinal pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. [10]
          CEA cell adhesion molecule 1
             HIF ID HIFM0057 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description The expression of CEACAM1 can determine the host susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium infection. [11]
          Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14
             HIF ID HIFM0229 HIF Info       Class Checkpoint molecule (CM)
             Description Herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) (it is also known as TNFRSF14 or CD270) expression by intestinal epithelium provides anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial protection during Citrobacter rodentium infection correlates well. [9]
          C-X-C motif chemokine 1
             HIF ID HIFM0109 HIF Info       Class Cytokine (Cyt)
             Description The expression of CXCL1 is particularly highly induced during Citrobacter rodentium infection. [12]
          BATF3+ dendritic cells
             HIF ID HIFC0167 HIF Info       Class Dendritic cells (DCs)
             Description Batf3+ dendritic cells induced IgA responses which showed clearance of Citrobacter rodentium. [13]
          IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51
             HIF ID HIFM0105 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description FCGRT encodes the alpha-chain component of Fc receptor (FcRn), mice deficient in FcRn display impaired resistance to the enteric pathogen Citrobacter rodentium. [14]
          Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-a
             HIF ID HIFM0099 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-b
             HIF ID HIFM0100 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor II-c
             HIF ID HIFM0101 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III
             HIF ID HIFM0102 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          Low affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc region receptor III-B
             HIF ID HIFM0103 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          High affinity immunoglobulin gamma Fc receptor I
             HIF ID HIFM0104 HIF Info       Class Fc Receptor (FCR)
             Description Indeed, in mice, IgG and activating FcgRs are protective against the systemic spread of Citrobacter rodentium, an enteropathic bacteria. [15]
          Immunoglobulin G
             HIF ID HIFM0270 HIF Info       Class Immunoglobulin (Ig)
             Description Immunoblotting with bacterial lysates using sera from Tlr2 / Tlr4 / mice showed reduced IgG in Tlr2 / Tlr4 / sera that recognized antigens produced by fecal bacteria, symbiotic bacteria Eescherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as well as the gram-negative enteric pathogens Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella) and Citrobacter rodentium. [16]
          NCR+ Innate Lymphoid Cells
             HIF ID HIFC0206 HIF Info       Class Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs)
             Description In wild-type mice this distribution of intestinal ILCs was profoundly altered over the course of 1010 c.f.u.Citrobacter rodentium infection, as the frequency of NCR+ ILC3 was considerably lower in the cecum and colon. [17]
          Regulatory T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0030 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Citrobacter rodentium is associated with Tregs responses. [18]
          CD4+ T cells
             HIF ID HIFC0069 HIF Info       Class T cells (TCs)
             Description Citrobacter rodentium was associated with CD4+ T cells responses. [19]
Environmental Factor(s)
             Disbiome ID
      68
             gutMDisorder ID
      gm0177
References
1 Rac2-deficiency leads to exacerbated and protracted colitis in response to Citrobacter rodentium infection. PLoS One. 2013 Apr 16;8(4):e61629. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061629. Print 2013.
2 Multifaceted Roles of microRNAs in Host-Bacterial Pathogen Interaction. Microbiol Spectr. 2019 May;7(3). doi: 10.1128/microbiolspec.BAI-0002-2019.
3 The intestinal microbiota interferes with the microRNA response upon oral Listeria infection. mBio. 2013 Dec 10;4(6):e00707-13. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00707-13.
4 Enhanced susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium infection in microRNA-155-deficient mice. Infect Immun. 2013 Mar;81(3):723-32. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00969-12. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
5 Nutrient Sensing by the Intestinal Epithelium Orchestrates Mucosal Antimicrobial Defense via Translational Control of Hes1.Cell Host Microbe. 2019 May 8;25(5):706-718.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Apr 30.
6 Intestinal antimicrobial peptides during homeostasis, infection, and disease.Front Immunol. 2012 Oct 9;3:310. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00310. eCollection 2012.
7 Resistin-like molecule is a bactericidal protein that promotes spatial segregation of the microbiota and the colonic epithelium.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Oct 17;114(42):11027-11033. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1711395114. Epub 2017 Sep 25.
8 Re-thinking the functions of IgA(+) plasma cells.Gut Microbes. 2014;5(5):652-62. doi: 10.4161/19490976.2014.969977.
9 HVEM is a TNF Receptor with Multiple Regulatory Roles in the Mucosal Immune System.Immune Netw. 2014 Apr;14(2):67-72. doi: 10.4110/in.2014.14.2.67. Epub 2014 Apr 21.
10 The Human Gut Microbiome - A Potential Controller of Wellness and Disease.Front Microbiol. 2018 Aug 14;9:1835. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01835. eCollection 2018.
11 CEACAM1 regulates CD8(+) T cell immunity and protects from severe pathology during Citrobacter rodentium induced colitis.Gut Microbes. 2020 Nov 1;11(6):1790-1805. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1775464. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
12 Interleukin-8, CXCL1, and MicroRNA miR-146a Responses to Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 and Enteropathogenic E. coli in Human Intestinal Epithelial T84 and Monocytic THP-1 Cells after Apical or Basolateral Infection.Infect Immun. 2016 Aug 19;84(9):2482-92. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00402-16. Print 2016 Sep.
13 Microbiota regulate the ability of lung dendritic cells to induce IgA class-switch recombination and generate protective gastrointestinal immune responses.J Exp Med. 2016 Jan 11;213(1):53-73. doi: 10.1084/jem.20150567. Epub 2015 Dec 28.
14 Microbiota-targeted maternal antibodies protect neonates from enteric infection. Nature. 2020 Jan;577(7791):543-548. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1898-4. Epub 2020 Jan 8.
15 Anti-commensal IgG Drives Intestinal Inflammation and Type 17 Immunity in Ulcerative Colitis. Immunity. 2019 Apr 16;50(4):1099-1114.e10. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.02.006. Epub 2019 Mar 12.
16 Gut Microbiota-Induced Immunoglobulin G Controls Systemic Infection by Symbiotic Bacteria and Pathogens.Immunity. 2016 Mar 15;44(3):647-658. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2016.02.006. Epub 2016 Mar 2.
17 Complementarity and redundancy of IL-22-producing innate lymphoid cells.Nat Immunol. 2016 Feb;17(2):179-86. doi: 10.1038/ni.3332. Epub 2015 Nov 30.
18 A cross talk between dysbiosis and gut-associated immune system governs the development of inflammatory arthropathies. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2019 Dec;49(3):474-484. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2019.05.007. Epub 2019 May 31.
19 Microbiota-Induced TNF-like Ligand 1A Drives Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cell-Mediated Barrier Protection and Intestinal T Cell Activation during Colitis.Immunity. 2018 Dec 18;49(6):1077-1089.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2018.10.014. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

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